Solids, Liquids, and Gases
This state of matter has a definite shape and definite volume.
What is a solid?
The formula for density is mass divided by this.
What is volume?
Elements that are shiny, good conductors, malleable, and ductile are called this.
What are metals?
A substance made of only one type of atom is called this.
What is an element?
Ice floats in water because its density is ______ than liquid water.
What is less?
This state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
What is a liquid?
An object with a density of 2 g/cm³ will sink in water because its density is ______ than water.
What is greater?
Elements that are brittle, dull, and poor conductors are called this.
What are nonmetals?
A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined is called this.
What is a compound?
Oxygen is a gas at room temperature. It is classified as this type of pure substance.
What is an element?
This state of matter has no definite shape or volume.
What is a gas?
A rock has a mass of 50 g and a volume of 10 cm³. What is its density?
What is 5 g/cm³?
These elements have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
What are metalloids?
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.
What is a mixture?
Aluminum can be hammered into thin sheets and conducts electricity well. Which classification on the periodic table does it belong to?
What is a metal?
As temperature increases, particles move faster and spread apart. This is an example of adding what type of energy?
What is thermal (heat) energy?
An object has a mass of 200 g and a volume of 100 cm³. Will it float or sink in water?
It will sink (density = 2 g/cm³).
The ability of a material to be hammered into thin sheets is called this.
What is malleability?
A mixture that looks the same throughout, like salt water, is called this.
What is a homogeneous mixture (or solution)?
Salt (NaCl) is dissolved in water. What type of mixture is formed, and which substance is the solute?
A homogeneous mixture (solution), solute = salt.
Water vapor in the air turns back into liquid water on a cold surface. This change of state is called this.
What is condensation?
A metal cube has a density of 8 g/cm³. If the cube’s volume is 3 cm³, what is its mass?
What is 24 g?
The ability of a material to be stretched into wires is called this.
What is ductility?
A mixture where you can see the different parts, like a salad, is called this.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A block of metal has a mass of 90 g and a volume of 30 cm³. It is shiny, malleable, and conducts electricity. What is its density, and what type of element is it?
Density = 3 g/cm³, classification = metal.
A balloon expands when heated because the gas particles inside do this.
What is move faster and spread apart (increase kinetic energy)?
The density of liquid water at room temperature is approximately this value.
What is 1 g/cm³ (or 1 g/mL)?
Silicon is shiny and conducts electricity, but not as well as a metal. It belongs in this category.
What is a metalloid?
Salt (NaCl) is dissolved in water to make saltwater. Classify saltwater as a pure substance or what type of mixture.
What is a homogeneuous mixtures?
A balloon filled with helium expands when heated. Explain this change using states of matter and particle motion.
The gas particles gain kinetic energy, move faster, and spread apart, causing expansion.