Diversity of Life
What is: the study of biodiversity and its evolutionary history?
Systematics
What is the function of a chloroplast?
Photosynthesize
What is cytokinesis?
Bonus: What is karyokinesis?
Division of the cytoplasm.
What are 1 unique characteristic of prokaryotes?
No membrane-bound organelles nor nucleus.
No cell wall.
What are the 3 types of life cycles?
Haplontic
Diplontic
Haplodiplontic
Define phylogeny.
The study of organisms' ancestry.
Bridge of cytoplasm that connects 2 plant cells through holes in their walls.
Plasmodesma
What is one difference between mitosis and meiosis?
1. In mitosis, the ploidy remains the same. In meiosis, the number of chromosomes is halved.
2. Crossing-over occurs only in Meiosis.
3. Others?
What are the 3 types of symbiosis? describe them.
1. Mutualistic: both benefit
2. Parasitic: One benefits, one is harmed
3. Commensal: one benefits, one neither benefits/ is harmed
What type of algae is Rhodophyta?
Red Algae
What are the two parts to binomial species naming?
genus + specific epithet
Chemical found in the cell walls of algae.
Cellulose
Property of cells that refers to their number of chromosomes in a cell.
Ploidy.
How do bacteria reproduce?
Asexual binary fission
What organisms are a part of Myxomycota?
plasmodial slime molds
What is directly above Domain Bacteria on the phylogenetic tree?
Domain Archaea.
Storage carbohydrate of plants.
Starch
What is the spindle apparatus composed of?
Microtubules
What is the importance of prokaryotes? (3 options)
1. Decomposition
2. Nitrogen Fixation
3. Oxygen Production
What does coenocytic mean?
Coenocytic: having a multinucleate mass of cells
What is the taxonomic hierarchy starting at Domain and ending in Species?
Choose from: (Domain, Class, Family, Species, Kingdom, Phylum, Genus, Order)
Domain --> Kingdom --> Phylum --> Class --> Order --> Family --> Genus --> Species
What are the 2 functions of the vacuole?
1. Turgidity: keep cell & plant shape through turgor pressure
2. Storage: Defensive chemicals, Pigments, Minerals
One reason why the 4 daughter cells produced by meiosis are genetically different from each other (and from their mother cell).
Bonus: when does this occur?
Crossing-over.
What is Rhizobial symbiosis?
Bonus: how does it relate to rhizobial nodules?
mutualistic symbiosis between a rhizobial bacterium and some other organism.
What are the photosynthetic pigments found in Rhodophyta?
Clorophyll a & b
Phycobilins (red color)