How about Hobbes
What does Hobbes call the things people are attracted to and repelled from?
Appetites and aversions
For Plato, which types of lies are necessary to promote justice?
Noble Lies
What is justice for Plato?
The proper arrangement of all parts of society and adhering to the expectations of the class you were born into. Put differently, mind your own business.
Does Plato think human beings are born equal?
No! Plato tells us that people are naturally unequal and should be sorted into classes accordingly. However, capacity and disposition is not hereditary, so people of higher or lower quality can be found with parents of any class.
What is the purpose of the Bokanavsy process in Brave New World?
The Bokanavsy process provides order and stability to the society.
For Hobbes, what do humans desire above all else?
Commodious living
What is Plato's founding Lie in The Republic?
Human beings are made in the earth and there given a particular metal by the gods. They then spring from the earth fully formed, and are all brothers and sisters. Childhood is a dream which never really happened.
What is injustice for Hobbes?
Breaking one's covenants or contracts.
What does Plato think happens when democracy fails?
People love their freedom too much and begin to prioritize only their own interests and whims. Eventually, they will elect a popular leader who becomes a tyrant, thus moving the society through the cycle from democracy into tyranny.
What is "The Big Lie", according to Snyder?
That Donald Trump legitimately won the 2020 Presidential Election.
That the weakest could possibly kill the strongest is indicative that we are ___ for Hobbes?
Naturally, roughly, equal
These members of the Republic must be deprived of property in order to ensure they are not tempted to deviate from protecting the common interest.
The Guardians
For Hobbes, can a leviathan/sovereign ever be unjust?
Nope! All civil laws made by the sovereign are just. The people have authorized the sovereign to act on their behalf.
What is freedom for Hobbes?
The absence of external impediments
How does Levitsky define competitive authoritarianism?
"A system in which parties compete in elections but the incumbent’s abuse of power tilts the playing field against the opposition.” (5)
How are right and wrong established for Hobbes?
By the sovereign
This ring would give individuals the ability to appear just without actually being just.
Ring of Gyges
For Plato, what does the structure of an ideal city have to do with justice in an individual?
An ideal city and an ideal person have the same structure. Guardians represent reason, auxiliaries represent courage, and workers represent appetite. These things must all be in their proper place to achieve justice.
Why doesn't Plato like Democracy?
Plato believed that democracy would lead to chaos. He was worried that people were not capable of thinking for themselves, and that the majority opinion could be swayed too easily.
What is the type of truth Arendt is concerned about? Why?
Factual truth, because she believed that the distortion of this truth would lead to fascism
What is the mutual transfer of Right amongst members of a political community to a sovereign entity?
The Social Contract
Which metals correspond to which classes of people in the Republic?
Bronze: common stock/craftsmen
Silver: auxiliaries
Gold: guardians
For Hobbes, does justice exist in nature?
No, justice only exists within the social contract. For Hobbes, justice is the keeping of one's contracts, and there is no way to enforce this without a government.
Is a congress compatible with Hobbes' political theory?
Yes. Although Hobbes prefers that the sovereign be just one person, his ideas are also compatible with a multiple ruler government, like a parliamentary system.
What is Morton's call to action to Democrats in The Spectre of Insecurity?
To focus more on security and building stability, rather than fear-mongering. We need to have a political and economic system that supports flourishing lives.