In what year did Roosevelt send a surprise message to Capitol Hill regarding an overhaul of the court system?
1937
100
How did the gross national product in the summer of 1937 compare to the gross national product in 1932?
The gross national product has risen up substantially since 1932.
100
What was Eleanor Roosevelt's outlook on discrimination against blacks?
She spoke on the behalf of racial justice and put continuous pressure on her husband and others in the federal government to ease pressures on Blacks.
100
Did New Deal relief programs challenge prevailing racial norms?
No-- they maintained prevailing racial norms. They accepted existing racial and ethnic prejudices.
100
In the 1930s, which two groups were Roosevelt's biggest critics?
Conservatives and those on the left.
200
How did Roosevelt justify court packing?
Wanted to reduce workload of Supreme Court Justices. Also wanted to introduce "fresh" ideas.
200
What did Roosevelt and other economists think was a great danger to the economy in 1932?
No longer depression, but inflation.
200
Why did African Americans start voting Democratic by 1936?
Eleanor Roosevelt and others made efforts to ensure that New Deal relief programs did not exclude blacks and were receiving more government assistance.
200
Did all Western political leaders support the New Deal programs?
Not all of them were supportive. For example, State legislatures opposed to matching required funds for FERA relief in 1933.
200
What was the effect of the establishment of the Broker State?
Making the federal government a protector of interest groups and a supervisor of the competition among them, rather than an instrument attempting to create a universal harmony of interests.
300
How did conservatives react Roosevelt's court packing?
They were appalled because they thought it was a President's hunger for power.
300
The recession of 1937 was known as the "blank" recession? Why was it known as this?
"Roosevelt" recession. Many people believed it was a direct result of his administration's decision to reduce spending.
300
Who was John Collier?
Commissioner for the Department of Indian Affairs committed to bettering the lives of the Indian population in the United States.
300
Why were the largest New Deal public works program mainly in the West?
Because the best locations for dams and power stations were in the West and the West had the most need for new sources for water and power.
300
What was the New Deal's most genuine failure?
Its failure to genuinely revive of reform the American economy and substantially distribute power within American capitalism.
400
What was the court's newly moderate position?
Made courting packing unnecessary.
400
What did Roosevelt do to mitigate the affects of the recession?
He asked Congress for an emergency appropriation of 5 billion dollars for public relief programs and works projects.
400
What policy did the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 reverse?
Reversed the allotment policy adopted in 1887, which encouraged the breaking up of tribal lands into individually owned plots.
400
Why did the Roosevelt administration focus on economically developing the South?
Because it was the most economically underdeveloped part of the country.
400
How did the New Deal increase the regulatory functions of the federal government?
It helped stabilize previously troubled areas of the economy: the stock market, the banking system, and others.
500
What were the long lasting affects of court packing on Roosevelt's administration?
Lasting political damage to the administration and southern Democrats and other conservatives voted against Roosevelt's measures much more often than they had in the past.
500
What was the Fair Labor Standards Act and what did it establish?
Established a national minimum wage and a forty-hour workweek, and also placed strict limits on child labor.
500
What was the name of the first woman elected to a full term of the US Senate?
Hattie Caraway of Arkansas
500
What dam was the largest public works project in American history at that point?
Grand Coulee Dam.
500
How did the New Deal affect how people defined themselves politically?
Turned a weak, Democratic Party that had been a minority into a might coalition, turned the attention of many voters away from cultural issues to economic matters, and greatly increased expectations for the government.