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Measures

100

Name the five characteristics of all measures.

Validity, reliability, measurement error, utility, and directness.

200

Name the four levels of measurement.

Nominal, ordinal, interval, scale.

300

Name the two types of measurement error.

Random and systematic.

SSD

100

What three conditions must be established before we call a relationship casual?

It must exist between two variables, it must be non-spurious, and there should be a time interval between one variable and the other.

200

What are the three phases within SSD?

Baseline, intervention, and reversal.

300

Define SSD.

Psychological research designed to observe an individual subject serving as his/her own control rather than using a group.

Designs

100

Tell us about B design.

It is the most widely used single subject design and is considered intervention only. It does not allow for pre-intervention status, we do not know if there is a relationship between intervention and outcome.

200

Name and describe three designs.

AB is a two phase design consisting of a no-intervention baseline phase (A) and an intervention phase (B). 

ABA is known the basic withdrawal design and there are three phases: 1.) no intervention baseline phase (A), 2.) intervention phase (B), and 3) No intervention withdrawal phase (A).

BAB is used when a person's behavior is so severe that the researcher cannot wait to establish a baseline and must begin with an intervention

300

Why is baselining useful?

To confirm or deny a problem exists, determine if the problem is worsening or getting better and at what pace the change is occurring, provides an estimate of what would happen to the client without intervention.