Show:
DNA
Replication
Protein Synthesis 1
Protein Synthesis 2
Misc.
100

What is the full name of DNA? 

Deoxyribonucleic acid 

100

Where does replication start? 

Origin of Replication 
100
What part of the mRNA strand is removed before it exits the nucleus? 
Introns
100
What is the start codon in translation? 
AUG 
100
Fill in the Blanks: (think central dogma)


____ --> _____ --> _________

DNA --> RNA --> Protein 
200

DNA + 8 histones = ?


Nucleosome
200

The replication of DNA begins at one end of the molecule and proceeds to the other end.

True or false? If false, provide the true explanation.  

False. DNA replication occurs simultaneously at many sites along the molecule speeding up the process of replication.

200

What enzyme is responsible for transcribing DNA into mRNA? 

RNA polymerase 
200
During translation, the amino acids on tRNAs are bonded together to form what? 
Polypeptide chain
200

In eukaryotic cells, where do transcription and translation take place? 

Transcription: Cell nucleus 


Translation: Cytoplasm

300

Sketch and label the three parts of a nucleotide:  

Phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogenous base 
300

Replicate this template strand of DNA: 

TAC TTA CAA ACC ATA ATT

ATG AAT GTT TGG TAT TAA
300

What is done to the mRNA molecule after transcription and before translation?


Exons are spliced together, introns are removed, 5’ cap and a Poly-A tail are added. 

300
What is attached to the top of tRNA molecules? 


What is the sequence of 3 nucleotides on the tRNA called? 

Attached: Amino acid


Sequence: Anticodon

300

What are three differences between DNA and RNA?



DNA: double stranded, Thymine, Deoxyribose sugar

RNA: single stranded, Uracil, ribose sugar 

400

What are Tandem Repeats in DNA? 

Noncoding, highly repetitive sequences 

400
What is the role of DNA Polymerase I? 
Removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA nucleotides 
400

To initiate transcription, what does RNA polymerase bind to? 


The promoter 
400
In which order do tRNAs move through the sites in the ribosomal complex? 
A site --> P site --> E site
400
What role do nucleosomes play in gene expression? 

Nucleosomes do not coil around areas of DNA that need to be transcribed and they can form, open, and re-form on sections of DNA to control transcription (selective packaging).  


500

Describe the structure of DNA.

(think: subunits, shape, bonds) 

Made up of nucleotides

Double helix

Nitrogenous bases (A,C,T,G)

Sugar phosphate backbone 

Bonds: hydrogen and phosphodiester 

500

What direction does DNA polymerase III move along the DNA template strand? 

Does it add nucleotides to the 3' or 5' end of the primer? 



DNA Poly III moves in a 5’ to 3’ direction and adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of primer  

500
How is transcription is terminated?  

When RNA polymerase reaches the terminator region, both it and the mRNA strand detach and the DNA rewinds . 


500
What does the stop codon recruit to stop translation? 
Release factor 
500

What are the functions of 3 types of RNA? 

mRNA: messenger 

tRNA: carries amino acids 

rRNA: joins with proteins to form ribosomes