Cycles of Matter
Ecology
Cells
Mitosis/Meosis
Evolution
100
When water evaporates from a leaf, this process is called
Transpiration
100
What is a keystone species?
A species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.
100
What are two features that plant cells have that animal cells do NOT?
Chloroplasts
Cell walls
100
The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei.
Nondisjunction
100
The following phylogenetic tree indicates dinosaurs are more closely related to ______ than to reptiles.
Birds
200
More CO2 is released in the atmosphere today than in the past because of the
Burning of fossil fuels
200
Draw and label (i.e primary consumer) a food chain using the correct direction of the arrows to show energy transfer.
Varies
200
Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells do NOT have membrane-bound organelles, are typically smaller, and have circular DNA.
200
During meiosis ONE, are sister chromatids seperated?
NO, homologous chromosomes are seperated. Sister chromatids remain attached.
200
The following is an example of __________.
Geographic isolation
300
Only special bacteria can directly use nitrogen in our atmosphere and convert it so other organisms can benefit. These bacteria are called
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
300
List the levels of organization
Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
300
What type of human body cell would have a HIGH amount of mitochondria?
Muscle cell
300
What is crossing-over? When does it occur?
Crossing-over is the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring. Crossing-over occurs during prophase/metaphase 1 of meiosis.
300
The __________ principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
400
What is runoff? How can runoff have negative impacts on the environment?
Runoff is precipitation that made its way from the ground surface into places that water collect. Runoff causes erosion and carries chemicals on the ground surface to rivers causing water pollution.
400
The primary consumers receive 1,000 kcal of energy from the producers. How much energy do the tertiary consumers receive?
10 kcal
400
What type of transport is illustrated in the following image?
Endocytosis
400
Mitosis produces how many cells? Are they identical to each other? Are they haploid/diploid? What type of cells are these?
Meiosis produces how many cells? Are they identical to each other? Are they haploid/diploid? What type of cells are these?
Mitosis: 2 identical diploid somatic cells
Meiosis: 4 non-identical haploid gametes
400
Contrast Lamarck's and Darwin's theory of evolution.
Acquired traits were passed on
Natural Selection
500
Why is the use of too many phosphorus-rich fertilizers bad for the environment?
Agriculture runoff goes into aquatic ecosystems which cause plants to grow and overpopulate the water. (Eutrophication)
500
Explain why there are smaller numbers of animals as you go up the trophic pyramid
There is less available energy
500
(VIDEO BONUS) Which form of transport is illustrated in the video?
Active Transport
500
(VIDEO BONUS) Describe what is happening at each step in the video. What process does this video show?
1) DNA condenses (Visible as paired chromatids)
2) Centrioles align at opposite poles of the cell; nuclear envelope breaks down (prophase)
3) Microtubules attach and align paired chromatids at the center of the cell (metaphase)
4) Chromosomes are pulled apart (anaphase)
5) Nuclear membranes reform (telophase)
6) Cell membrane pinches apart (cytokinesis)
500
The following image illustrates what evolutionary principle in which organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Natural Selection