Water Purification
Why is it important to have clean drinking water?
ALL living things NEED water to SURVIVE:
Drinking water maintains the balance of body fluids. Your body is composed of about 60% water. The functions of these bodily fluids include digestion, absorption, circulation, creation of saliva, transportation of nutrients, and maintenance of body temperature.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Law of Conservation of Mass:
Mass can not be created or destroyed, only transferred.
What are the subatomic particles? Where are they located? What are their charges?
Protons - Location: nucleus of an atom - Positive Charge
Neutrons - Location: nucleus of an atom - Neutral Charge
Electrons - Location: Shells around on the nucleus of an atom - Negative Charge
Describe the first step on the Engineering Process?
the first step on the Engineering Process is to identify a problem and understanding what is needed to address this problem.
This also includes the different constraints of obstacles that will prevent the issue from being fixed.
What is chemistry?
Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy.
What are considered Pure Substances? Why?
Elements are pure substances that are formed by the same type of atom.
Compounds are substances made up of of two or more elements that are chemically combined. When elements are chemically combined, they cannot be separated; their atoms are bonded together.
While balancing a chemical equation explain the role of coefficients and how this maintains the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Coefficients dictate how many molecules are present of a single substance. Coefficients maintain Law of Conservation of Mass because they balance out the reactant and product sides of a chemical equation.
What is electricity?
Electricity is a form of energy resulting charged particles, like ions. It results from the flow of electrons.
What is the second step of the Engineering Process?
The second step of the Engineering Process is to conduct research in order to develop the solution to the problem.
What is the Periodic Table of Elements?
The periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. All the elements on Earth are located on the Period Table.
How are mixtures different from Pure Substances?
Combinations of two or more substances are called mixtures. Unlike compounds, the different components of mixtures can be separated.
What is the difference between "Theoretical Yield" and "Actual Yield" when calculating the product of reactants?
Theoretical Yield - Calculated to determine the most produced that can be produced (or yielded) in a chemical equation.
Actual Yield - Due to human error, the actual yield is the real amount of product created in a chemical reaction.
What is an ion?
Ion- An atom or molecule with an electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
What is the third step of the Engineering Process?
The third step of the Engineering Process is to brainstorm as many solutions as possible to the problem.
What is the difference between physical properties of matter and chemical properties of matter?
A physical property is an aspect of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition.
A chemical property may only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a substance.
What are the phases of matter and how does substance change from phase to phase?
Solid, liquid and gas are phases of matter. As heat is added or released from the substances, the molecules in the substance behave differently causing them to take the properties of the different phases.
Balance this equation:
__ CH4 + __ Cl2 --> __ CCl4 + __ HCl
1 CH4 + 4 Cl2 --> 1 CCl4 + 4 HCl
C = 1 C = 1
H = 4 H = 1 -->4
Cl = 2 --> 4 Cl = 5 --> 8
How does a battery work?
A battery stores chemical energy. A battery has two metal prongs; one has a positive charge (cathode) and the other has a negative charge (anode). When hooked up to an electrical circuit. The chemical reactions in the battery causes a build up of electrons at the anode and allows electricity to flow through the circuit.
What is the firth step of the Engineering Process?
The firth step of the Engineering Process is to select a solution to the problem. A prototype or model is made in this step that will be the solution to the problem.
What are the three science lab safety rules that must be followed in school?
1) No food or drinking because chemicals used may be dangerous to ingest.
2) Do not misuse equipment because damaged equipment can be very dangerous.
3) If there is an problem: something breaks, or you get hurt, you MUST notify the teacher immediately so they can properly address this issue and get help as soon as possible.
What are three methods used to purify water?
1) Filtration - Large particles are collected while smaller water molecules are small enough to pass through a filter.
2) Boiling - Boiling water for 15 minutes kills harmful bacteria
3) Distillation - The process of separating the particles from a liquid mixture by selective boiling (heating) and condensation (cooling).
Mole is the unit of measurement used to measure atoms or molecules. It represents a very large quantity. One mole of something is equal to Avogadro's number. 6.02 × 1023
Why can citrus fruit be made into a battery?
Why is data so important in the Engineering Process?
Data is important when evaluating each prototype. The data should lead the engineer to improve the prototype in order to better meet the solution.
Why is chemistry important?
Chemistry is important because everything you do is chemistry! Even your body is made of chemicals.Chemical reactions occur when you breathe, eat, or just sit there reading. Chemistry is how electronics work! All matter is made of chemicals, so the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything.