EKG
What does the P-Wave stand for?
The deceleration of the atria
What must be followed in order to ensure that blood draws are completed correctly to prevent contamination between additives?
Order of Draw
What are the parts of the chain of infection? (In Order)
Reservoir Site
Portal of Exit
Mode of Transmission
Portal of Entry
Susceptible Host
A waveform that presents with a normal P-wave and normal QRS Complex with a heart rate of 45 is said to be what?
What are the three main veins for phlebotomy? Where are they located?
Median Cubital- Middle of the antecubital space
Cephalic Vein- Thumb side of the hand
Basilic Vein- Pinky side of the hand
What does the QRS stand for?
Depolarization of the ventricles
What is the correct order of draw?
Yellow
Light Blue
Red
Gold
Green
Lavender
Grey
What is the difference between universal precautions and transmission based precautions?
Universal precautions are used for everybody, Transmission based precautions are used based on the way the disease is transmitted (Airborne, Droplet, Contact)
What is the most accurate method of reading an EKG heart rate and what is the only method that can be used for irregular rates?
1500 method- Most accurate
6x10 method- Only one that can be used for irregular rates
Tourniquets cannot be left for longer than_________?
1 minute
What does the T-wave indicate?
Re-polarization of the ventricles
What are the common and proper names of formed elements?
RBC- Erythrocytes
WBC- Leukocytes
Platelets- Thrombocytes
What is the difference between sanitization, disinfection, and sterilization?
Sanitization: Scrubbing to remove blood, mucous, etc...
Disinfection: Destroys pathogenic microorganisms
Sterilization: Destroys all microbial forms of life
A waveform that presents with each P-wave looking different, but all other pieces of the waveform look normal would be what type of waveform?
Wandering Pacemaker
What is the difference between quantitative results and qualitative results?
Qualitative= A positive or negative response
What is the name of the line that determines if a waveform is positive or negative?
The isoelectric line
What are the 5 different types of white blood cells?
Neutrophils- Infectious disease
Lymphocytes- Boost to immune system; Respond to viruses as necessary
Monocytes- Cell-mediated immunity
Eosinophils- Allergic or inflammatory responses
Basophils- Allergic states
What are the Vital Signs with normal ranges?
Temperature: 98.6
Pulse: 60-100bpm
Blood Pressure:120/80
Oxygen Sat: 95%-100%
Respiration:12-20
What type of waveform only has defibrillation as the effective treatment?
Ventricular Fibrillation
What must be done prior to using a butterfly needle to draw blood?
A waste tube must be drawn in order to get rid of the oxygen in the line
What are the five ways to interpret a waveform? (In order)
1. Heart Rate
2. Regularity
3. P-Waves
4. QRS Complexes
5. P-R Interval
What are the type of tests drawn in each tube?
1. Yellow- Blood cultures
2. Light Blue- Coagulation
3. Red- Whole blood tests
4. Gold- Serum tests
5. Green- Electrolytes
6. Lavender- CBC
7. Gray- Glucose
Define the different type of fevers
Intermittent: Fluctuating fever that returns to or below the baseline and rises again
Remittent: Fluctuating fever that remains elevated
Continuous: Fever that remains constant above the baseline; does not fluctuate
The P-R interval is representative of what?
The delay of the impulse at the A-V Node
Which tests can the patient NOT clench their first?
Potassium and Lactic Acid