Reported speech
Changes to Past Simple
To what Present Simple changes?
When we are most interested in the action than who or what does the action.
When do we use passive?
They are a mixture of the second and third conditional.
What are the mixed conditionals?
By using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the second part of the sentence
How do we make the third conditional?
We use them to give essential information about the person, thing,place,time or reason we are talking about.
When do we use Defining relative clauses?
When we are telling someone what another person said or thought, but not using the same words.
When do we use reported speech?
With the appropiate tense and form of the verb to be and the past participle of the verb.
With what we make the passive?
If + past perfect … would/wouldn’t have + past participle
Describe an imaginary present situation and its past consequence.
If + past perfect … would/wouldn’t + infinitive
Describe an imaginary past situation and its present consequence
Which is the formula of mixed conditionals?
If I had studied, I would have passed the exam.
Which is an example of a third conditional?
We use them to give extra, non-essential information about the person,thing,etc. we are talking about.
When do we use Non-defining relative clauses?
Conditional: will-would
To what future simple changes?
One usually a thing and the other a person.
Which are the two objects that are with the verbs?
An example is "If I wanted a coffee, I would have asked for one."
Which is an example of a imaginary present situation and its past consequence?
It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
When do we use third conditional?
who,which or that when followed inmediately by a noun or pronoun.
What we can omit in Defining relative clauses?
The auxiliary verb DO
Which auxiliary verb we don´t use in reported questions?
We can make two different passive sentences.
What happens when some verbs are followed by two objects, one usually a thing and the other a person?
An example is "If I had passed my driving test, I'd drive to university"
Which is an example of an imaginary past situation and its present consequence?
This is the way we imagine how things could have been different in the past. If something had been different, something else would have happened. The condition and the result are impossible now.
How is the third conditional different from the other conditionals?
We can use which/that.
What we can use instead of when or where?
Could, would, should, might.
Which reporting verbs cannot go any further back in reported statements?
Subject + be + past participle (of believe, claim, expect, know, report, say, think) + to + infinitive/have + past participle
Instead of using the impersonal pronoun it, what structure we can use?
That formula expresses a general condition with an imaginary result in the past
What can we express with this formula? If + 2nd conditional | 3rd conditional
We can also use could or might.
Can you use other verbs apart from would?
Commas
What we use on Non-defining relative clauses?