Parole
Release from prison after 100% of a sentence has been served.
What is expiration.
These serve both a supervisory and rehabilitative function in the criminal justice system.
What are community corrections departments?
The first pretrial release program, which began in 1960.
What is the Manhattan Bail Project?
This person prepares the Presentence Investigation Report (PSI).
What is a probation officer?
Based on the concept of just deserts and even-handed punishment that calls for fairness in criminal sentencing, in that all persons convicted of a similar offense will receive a like sentence.
What is the Justice Model?
Offenders reentered society when correctional authorities and parole board members believed they were ready or they had improved their lives enough to earn the privilege to be released.
What is discretionary release?
In regards to identifying risk/needs, criminal history is considered this.
What is a static factor?
A situation in which a defendant does not attend a scheduled court hearing.
What is a Failure to Appear (FTA).
Occasionally a court will order a report to be written when a court has proceeded directly to the sentencing phase without benefit of a PSI, usually after the court has accepted a plea bargain.
What is a Post-sentence report?
A system, developed by Alexander Maconochie, whereby the duration of a sentence would be decided by the prisoner's good conduct.
What is the marks system?
Conditional release of a convicted offender from a correctional institution, under the continued custody of the state, to serve the remainder of his or her sentence under supervision in the community.
What is parole?
This type of supervision allows probation and parole officers to leave their department and conduct field visits.
What is neighborhood-based?
Can be ordered as a condition of bond or bail.
What is Pretrial Supervision?
Conditions that are additional stipulations tailored to fit the problems and needs of the individual offender and ordered by the court.
What are Special Conditions?
Volunteer citizens who supervised parolees under the system established at the Elmira Reformatory.
What are Guardians?
The conditional release of an inmate with a terminal illness.
What is medical parole?
This is an individualized, written document that clarifies how each court-ordered condition is to be fulfilled by the offender and the supervising officer in the context of the risks and needs posed.
What is a case plan?
Which of the following forms of pretrial release calls for the defendant to pay no money to the court but is liable for the full bail amount if he/she fails to appear?
What is unsecured bond?
An opportunity for a defendant to read and refute information that has been compiled in the probation officer’s official PSI report.
What is disclosure?
Forcing an offender to publicly proclaim guilt for his or her crime.
What are scarlet letter conditions?
Sir Walter Crofton, who had studied Maconochie’s innovations on Norfolk Island, became the chief administrator of the __________ prison system in 1854.
What is the Irish system?
Using a validated quantitative instrument to identify characteristics, conditions, or behavioral problems that limit an offender's motivation or that might be linked with criminal behavior is known as
What is a needs assessment?
A governing body that monitors the use of sentencing guidelines and departures from recommended sentences.
What is the sentencing commission?
Judges are obligated to use guidelines from which they may not deviate without providing written reasons as to why they have chosen to do so.
What are presumptive sentencing grids?
Each individual case is considered in terms of its subjectivities, harms, wrongs, and contexts, and then measured against concepts such as oppression, freedom, dignity, and equality.
What is Reflective Justice?