Rocks and the Rock Cycle
What are the three major types of rocks
Sedimentary, Metamorphic, and Igneous rocks
How are Igneous rocks formed?
Magma cools and hardens
What type of metamorphism produces the most metamorphic rock?`
regional metamorphism
Why are fossils mostly found in sedimentary rocks?
There is no heat
Igneous means...?
Born of Fire
Forces such as __ and __ break down all types of rocks into small fragments
Wind/water
Molten material that cools and hardens underground to form igneous rocks?
Magma
The general name of the existing rock that gets changed into metamorphic rock.
Sedimentary Rock
What is the name for how sedimentary rocks are formed?
Lithification
An organic rock commonly used for fuel?
Coal
What is a series of processes in which rock changes from one type to another and back again
Rock cycle
A) What is an intrusion?
B) What is an extrusion?
A) underground mass of rock
B) above ground mass of rock
What is the difference between contact and regional metamorphism?
Contact: only rocks near or actually touching the hot magma are metamorphosed by its heat
Regional: the movement of one tectonic plate against another creates tremendous heat and pressure
What are the three kinds of lithifications?
Compaction, cementation, and crystalization
What is the difference between erosion and weathering?
erosion is the movement of sediments
weathering is the change in the physical or chemical of a rock
Which types of rocks can change into different types?
All types(metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary)
What igneous rock has no crystalline structure and thus has a glassy texture?
Obsidian
What is the difference between a foliated and non-foliated rock?
Foliated: Have parallel bands of minerals
Non-Foliated: without bands of minerals
clastic, chemical, and organic
Which rock type is characterized by having foliation or nonfoliation?
Metamorphic rock
What has to happen to shale to turn to slate?
Metamorphism
A) Properties of a felsic igneous rock?
B) Properties of a mafic igneous rock?
C) Properties of an intermediate igneous rock?
A) light in color, low in density
B) dark in color, high in density
C) medium color, medium density
What factors have to be present in order for a rock to be considered metamorphic?
heat and pressure
What percent of the earth's surface is made up of sedimentary rock?
75% of the Earth's surface
What organic rock is made from mostly whole seashells?
Coquina