Darwin and Theories
Lemarck had this theory about how giraffes got their long neck
use and disuse theory
Selection imposed by humans
artificial selection
when two species have similar properties but do not share a common ancestor
convergent evolution
The type of evolution factor that was the origin of all future evolutionary events
mutations
the thumb from the five fingers of evolution
natural selection
Darwin observed this bird species in the galapagos
Finch
another name for artificial selection
selective breeding
A kit fox has large ears for heat loss but an arctic fox has thick fur for heat retention
divergent evolution
This happens when a portion of a breeding population is randomly eliminated
genetic drift
the name of the boat Charles Darwin sailed on
the HMS Beagle
The theory of evolution that Darwin put forth is caused by
natural selection
What is meant by high evolutionary fitness?
a species well adapted to its environment
when both species benefit from an evolutionary symbiosis
mutualism
When members of one species immigrate to another population, bringing new traits
gene flow
The peppered moth is an example of what type of adaptation
physical
In natural selection, a species evolves in response to its...
environment
camouflage is an example of this type of adaptation
physical
An evolutionary arms race between snakes and newts is an example of
coevolution
selecting a mate based on specific identified traits
non random mating
geographic barriers are considered to be the driving force of this type of speciation
allopatric
The idea that evolution does not occur constantly, rather, in distinct intervals
punctuated equilibrium
The three types of adaptations
Physical, behavioural, physiological
The two types of speciation that occurs in nature
allopatric, sympatric
This type of evolution has its most dramatic effects on small populations
genetic drift
Technically speaking, what makes one species distinct from another species
the inability to produce successful breeding offspring