Forget Me Not
Name 2 cholinesterase inhibitors
Donepezil - Aricept
Memantine - Namenda
Tacrine - Cognex
Rivastigmine- Exelon
Name 2 barbiturates in the sedative-hypnotic class.
Amobarbital - Amytal
Pentobarbital Nembutal
Phenobarbital Luminal
Secobarbital Seconal
Name 2 medications in this category.
Dexedrine-Aderall, aderall XR
Dextrostat-Cylert
Vyvanse
Ritalin, Ritalin SR, Ritalin LA, concerta-Focalin
Strattera
Methyphenidate
hich is a potential side effect from the prolonged use of methylphenidate (Ritalin)?
A. Psychosis
B. A decreased intelligence quotient (IQ)
C. Sore throat
D. A decrease in rate of growth and development
D.
The side effects of Ritalin therapy do not include psychosis, sore throat, or decrease in IQ
A temporary decrease in the rate of growth and development may be a side-effect of Ritalin therapy.
What is the primary use of this drug class?
Alzheimer's Disease
Dementia
Name 3 sedative-hypnotic drugs of any subclass
Amobarbital Amytal
Pentobarbital Nembutal
Phenobarbital Luminal
Secobarbital Seconal
Flurazepam - Dalmane
Chlorohydrate Noctec
Zalepton - Sonata
Zalpidem - Ambien
Eszopiclone - lunesta
What is the primary use of this drug category
ADHD
A client has recently been diagnosed with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Which medication would the nurse expect the physician to order for this client’s cognitive impairment?
A. Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
B. Zalepon (Sonata)
C. Donepezil (Aricept)
D. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
C: Aricept
A. Pamelor is a tricyclic antidepressant that potentiates the effect of serotonin and norepinephrine. This medication does not improve cognition.
B. Sonata is used as a short-term management of insomnia. Its action produces CNS depression. This medication does not improve cognition.
C. Aricept is used to improve cognition in clients diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Its action improves cholinergic function by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
D. Seroquel is an antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar mania. This medication does not improve cognition..
T/F
This drug class stops the progression of dementia/Alzheimer's disease
False- Slows down the rate of dementia/AD but does not stop completely
Which sedative-hypnotic drug would you advise the patient to take within minutes of being ready for bed?
Zalpidem-ambien
Name the only nonstimulant medication in this category
Strattera
A patient is taking zolpidem (Ambien) for insomnia. The nurse prepares a care plan that includes monitoring of the patient for side-effects/ adverse reactions of this drug. Which is a side-effect of zolpidem?
A. Insomnia
B. Headache
C. Laryngospasm
D. Blood dyscrasias
B
A.Insomnia is not a side effect of zolpidem.
B. Headache, dizziness, and dry mouth are side effects of zolpidem.
C. Laryngospasm is not a side-effect of zolpidem.
D. Blood dyscrasias is not a side-effect of zolpidem.
The nurse identifies which one of the following medication is specific for Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Memantine (Namenda)
B. Pramipexole Dihydrochloride (Mirapex)
C. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
D. Topiramate (Topamax)
A. Namenda
A. Namenda is an N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist used in moderate to severe types of Alzheimer’s disease. Mirapex is used for Parkinson’s disease; Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic medication that can be used in some cases of Alzheimer’s disease; while Topamax is an anticonvulsant medication.
Name one other use for a barbiturate in the sedative-hypnotic class?
Seizures or pre-op
When should this medication be taken?
Take meds in the morning after breakfast
A home-health patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild dementia has a new prescription for donepezil (Aricept). Which nursing action will be most effective in ensuring compliance with the medication?
A. Setting the medications up weekly in a medication box
B. Calling the patient daily with a reminder to take the medication
C. Having the patient's spouse administer the medication
D. Posting reminders to take the medications in the patient's house
C.
A. This nursing action will not be as effective in ensuring that the patient takes the medications
B. This nursing action will not be as effective in ensuring that the patient takes the medications
C. Because the patient with mild dementia will have difficulty with learning new skills and forgetfulness, the most appropriate nursing action is to have someone else administer the Aricept.
D. This nursing action will not be as effective in ensuring that the patient takes the medications
Name one indication for the use of sedative-hypnotics?
Short-term management of various anxiety states
Insomnia
Selected agents-anticonvulsants and pre-operative sedatives
Why should these medication be taken before breakfast?
These drugs are appetite suppressants
A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who will be taking phenobarbital (Luminal). The nurse would educate the client in which of the following that directly correlates with the safety of the client?
A. Take the medication at different times each day
B. Take the medication with meals only
C. Avoid using sleep aids while taking the medication
D. Decrease the dosage once with symptoms of dizziness and lightheadedness
C.
Taking the medication at the same time daily improves compliance and maintains more stable blood levels of the medication.
The medication is taken without regard to meals.
Phenobarbital (Luminal) is an anticonvulsant and hypnotic drug. The client should avoid drinking alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers).
Decreasing the dosage is not done without the approval of the physician.