Nature of Science
What is a dependent variable?
The variable being measured
What is a valence electron?
The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.
Where does an atom's mass come from?
The nucleus.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Mass can never be created or destroyed, it just changes form.
What is the difference between weight and mass?
Weight is the measure of gravity pulling on an object and mass is the amount of matter in an object.
How can an experiment support a hypothesis?
When the experiment matches the result of the hypothesis.
What information is contained in each square of the Periodic Table?
The atomic number, atomic mass, chemical symbol, and chemical name.
What part of the atom determines the Atomic Number?
The number of protons.
What is a physical change and 1 example.
A physical change affects the appearance of an object. Ex. (cutting your hair).
What would happen to your mass and weight if you went to Jupiter?
Your mass would stay the same but your weight would be greater due to the size/increased gravity on Jupiter.
What is the difference between a constant and a control group in an experiment?
The constant is where things in the experiment are kept the same and a control group is where nothing changes.
Ex. (constant) Each plant is given the same amount of water
Ex. (control group) The group that everything is compared back to because nothing was changed.
What is located on the left side of the Periodic Table?
Metals.
What parts of the atom have the exact same amount?
The protons and the electrons because the negative and positive must equal out for the atom to be stable.
What are some indicators a chemical change has occurred?
Formation of a precipitate, production of a gas(bubbles), production of a smell, color change, change in temperature, etc.
What devices measure mass and weight?
Mass- a triple beam balance or electronic balance
Weight- a scale
What is the difference between repetition and replication?
Repetition is doing the same experiment multiple times (repeated trials) and replication is when someone else is able to repeat the same experiment and get the same results.
Where are the Noble Gases located on the Periodic Table?
The far right side.
What subatomic particles make up an atom and where are they located?
The proton (inside the nucleus), the neutron (inside the nucleus), and the electron (in the electron cloud surrounding the atom).
Give 1 example of a physical change that happens around us and 1 example of a chemical change that happens around us?
Ex. Physical Change- painting a building
Ex. Chemical Change- bicycle rusting
What is the formula for density?
Density is the amount of mass per volume of an object.
What leads to the development of a theory?
Multiple repeated trials and scientific community acceptance.
What is the name of the side by side elements and what do you call the elements when they are in a line underneath each other?
The lines across the Periodic Table are Rows and the lines going up and down are Periods.
What is the difference in an element and a compound?
An element is made up of all the same atoms and a compound is made up of two or more elements in a fixed proportion.
How does temperature and energy affect a chemical change?
As the temperature increase, the particles move more freely and can react faster.
Name two physical properties of matter and two chemical properties.
Physical Properties- color, shape, size, density, volume, texture, etc.
Chemical Properties- ability to rust, flammability, reactivity to vinegar, etc.