Temperature/Kinetic Energy
What is the SI unit to measure temperature?
Kelvin
How would you describe the kinetic energy of a stove top that remains off?
Low kinetic energy
Defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of that material by 1 degree Celsius.
Specific Heat
Why might water be used as a coolant?
It absorbs thermal energy without a large change in temperature due to its high specific heat.
Defined as the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up that object.
Temperature
Defined as the transfer of energy between objects due to a temperature difference between those objects.
Heat
When does a substance's temperature changes? (Use vocabulary).
When that substance absorbs thermal energy.
Water has a specific heat of 4,184 J/kgxC. How much energy is needed to increase the temperature of a kilogram of water 5.0 C ?
21,000 J
How does room temperature air soften butter? The particles that make up the room temperature air have more kinetic energy
The particles that make up the room temperature air have more kinetic energy than the particles that make up the cold butter.
Higher temperature in air-transfers to cold butter.
What happens to potential energy as particles move farther apart?
Potential energy increases.
Why is the sand hotter than the ocean at a beach? (Use vocabulary terms).
The sand has a lower specific heat than water. Sand does not require as much heat to absorb thermal energy.
The temperature of a block of iron, which has a specific heat of 450J/(kgxC), increases by 3C when 2,700J of energy are added to it. What is the mass of this block of iron?
2kg
Particles that make up hot materials have ______kinetic energy than particle that make up cooler materials.
more
Beaker A has 100mL of water. Beaker B has 20mL of water. Both are at the same temperature. Which beaker of water has the greatest amount of thermal energy?
Beaker A because it has more mass than the contents in Beaker B.
J/(kgxC)
Unit on specific heat
How much energy is needed to heat 1.0kg of sand, which has a specific heat of 664J/(kgxC), from 30C to 50C?
13,000J
the sum of kinetic energy and the potential energy of all particles that make up that object.
Thermal Energy
What is the relationship between temperature and thermal energy?
As temperature(average kinetic energy) increases an object's thermal energy increases.
Why do metal pans and serving spoons often have plastic handles?
Plastic is not a good thermal conductor. Plastic has a higher specific heat than metal and will remain cool to the touch.
What does C, Tf, Ti, and Q stand for?
C= specific heat
Tf= Final Temperature
Ti= Initial Temperature
Q= change in thermal energy