Constitution
Protects citizens against abuse of powers of the government & agents
Bill of Rights
Protection against unreasonable search and seizure
4th Amendment
Requires a bifurcated process for capital offense cases
Gregg v Georgia
Testifies in court based on personal knowledge
Lay Witness
Originated in Terry v Ohio
Pat Down Search
The introduction to the Constitution
Preamble
Protection against double jeopardy & self incrimination
5th Amendment
No one under 18 can be charged with a capital offense
Roper v Simmons
Stipulates how evidence will be introduced in court and defines the qualifications of an expert witness and the nature of his testimony
Rules of evidence
Conducted after a lawful arrest
Search Incident to Arrest
A change to the Constitution
Amendment
6th Amendment
Requires a warrant prior to a search
Weeks v United States
Exceptions to warrant requirement
Good Faith and Public Safety
Conducted upon permission on rightful owner
Consent to Search
How many amendments are found in the Constitution?
27
Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
8th Amendment
Allows officers to search a vehicle without a warrant if involved in a freshly committed crime
Carroll v United States
Warrantless Search
Plain View
Conducted at facility in private
Strip Search
How many amendments are found in the Bill of Rights?
10
Ensures Due Process
14 Amendment
Statements and/or confessions obtained by force or coercion will be inadmissible in court
Brown v Mississippi
Prohibits the use of evidence found in violation of 4th and 5th amendments
Rules of Evidence
Conducted by trained medical personnel
Body Cavity Search