Rock types
How is igneous rock formed?
Hardened lava.
What does "igneous" mean?
Born of fire
Reasons engineers need to know about rocks?
To build safe and strong bridges, roads and tunnels.
What is a cycle?
A process that happens over and over again.
Whats a 1 on the mol's hardness scale mean?
Really soft, can be scratched with a fingernail
What is the different between intrusive and extrusive?
Intrusive forms INSIDE the earth, extrusive forms OUTSIDE the earth.
What is the name of a famous ancient circular rock monument in England?
Stonehenge.
What types of rocks do you typically find around volcanos?
Igneous rocks
How is igneous rock transformed into metamorphic rock?
The application of heat and pressure.
What does a 10 on the mol's hardness scale indicate?
Hardest mineral can be, can scratch other minerals
Which type of rock is made from layers of sediment that are compacted and cemented together?
Sedimentary rock.
How did metamorphic rocks get their name?
Because they MORPH from one type of rock to another.
What types of rocks could form at the bottom of a river?
Sedimentary rocks
What happens when metamorphic rock melts and then cools?
It becomes magma and then becomes igneous rock.
What do you call a scientist that students minerals?
Mineralogist
How is metamorphic rock formed?
Existing rock changed by heat and/or pressure.
How did sedimentary rocks get their name?
Because they're created from sediments.
What type of rocks typically form deep deep under earth, because the pressure and weight above it is pushing down on it?
Metamorphic rocks
What is compaction?
Layers of sediment become pressed together over time.
What is the difference between a rock and mineral?
Rocks are MADE of a combination of minerals. Minerals are like the ingredients, rocks are the recipe. Minerals are typically crystal-like
Explain how a sedimentary can become an igneous rock.
It melts and becomes magma, which then cools and forms an igneous rock
Shells
What is the rock cycle?
The process of which rocks are continuously changing over time between the three types of rocks.
What is physical weathering?
Physical actions, such as wind, or water freezing and cracking a rock.
Whats the hardest mineral in the world?
A Diamond