Scientists
1. English politician and writer
2. Formalized the empirical method into a general theory of inductive reasoning known as empiricism
Francis Bacon
British scientist who defined the laws of motion, discovered gravity, experimented with optics, invented differential calculus and wrote "Principia"
Issac Newton
A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.
Age of reason
French philosopher and voluminous author who championed the enlightened principles of reason, progress, toleration, and individual liberty. He
criticized organized religion for perpetuating superstition and intolerance
Voltaire
An artistic style of the seventeenth century characterized by complex forms, bold ornamentation, and contrasting elements
baroque
Developed a vaccination for smallpox in 1796
Edward Jenner
A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
Scientific method
Political theorist who defended the Glorious Revolution with the argument that all people are born with certain natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
Locke
Considered one of the greatest Dutch Baroque artists, his financial success was offset by tragic deaths of two wives and all four of his sons.
Rembrandt
A principle that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature
Boyle's Law
transferred Ptolemaic model to a heliocentric (sun-centered, aka solar system) model. Famous work is: On The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. Believed that God wouldn't create a chaotic system.
Copernicus
reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case
deductive reasoning
This was a movement within Lutheranism that revived Protestantism that called for an emotional relationship, allowed for the priesthood of all believers, and the Christian rebirth in everyday affairs
Pietism
Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.
Great Awakening
Assistant to Brahe; used Brahe's data to prove that the earth moved in an elliptical, not circular, orbit; Wrote 3 laws of planetary motion based on mechanical relationships and accurately predicted movements of planets in a sun-centered universe.
Johannes Kepler
English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)
William Pitt
Anglican minister experienced a conversion experience; became a missionary to the English people bringing "glad tidings" of salvation; preached to the masses. He attempted to be kept within the Anglican church, but became a seperate denomination.
John Wesley
One of the most famous English opera composers. He was a German immigrant to England. He wrote about twenty oratorios, including Messiah.
Handel
Wrote one of the most influential human anatomy books (De Humani Corporis fabrica) and was considered the father of modern human anatomy.
Vesalius
Italian astronomer. One of his main contributions is the application of the telescope to astronomy. He was able to prove Copernicus' heliocentric model correct.
Galileo
A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution.
William Penn
evangelist who traveled, preaching at every opportunity, including outdoors. He played a big role in the Awakening in both England and the American colonies.
George Whitfield
Child violin prodigy and composer who for many years was court composer to the Prince of Esterhazy in Austria just outside of Vienna
Haydn