Health and Gingivitis
The etiological factor of the majority of gingivitis cases.
What is plaque biofilm?
The year in which the last AAP Periodontal Classification System was published.
What is 1999?
Risk factors that can not be changed.
What are non-modifiable risk factors?
Number of cigarettes per day that significantly increases risk of periodontitis.
What is 10 or more?
Causal factor of green, yellow and orange stain.
What is poor oral hygiene? (biofilm)
No attachment loss, no BOP, no probe depths >3mm, no inflammation, or no anatomical changes to the periodontium.
What is pristine periodontal health?
The critical factor in distinguishing between gingivitis and periodontitis.
What is loss of attachment?
Also known as mutable risk factors.
What are modifiable risk factors.
The main effect of smoking on the immune system.
What is a decreased inflammatory response?
Mouthrinse that is responsible for extrinsic staining of teeth.
What is chlorhexidine or cetylpyridinium? (either)
The best indicator of gingival health.
Lack of bleeding on probing.
Type of periodontitis characterized by rapid bone loss localized to molars and incisors (1999 term)
Aggressive periodontitis
Increases risk of periodontitis by 2-3X.
What is cigarette smoking?
Approximate percentage of periodontitis cases that can be attributed to smoking.
What is 50%?
A major disadvantage of air polishing.
What is the creation of aerosols?
An example of a class of drugs that can cause gingival enlargement.
What is: anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants or calcium channel blockers. (any one)
One of the factors that would increase the grading of periodontitis in the 2017 AAP system
What is: smoking, uncontrolled diabetes, direct or indirect evidence of progression. (any one)
The principal systemic disease that affects risk of periodontitis.
What is diabetes mellitus?
The effect of nicotine on the gingival vasculature.
What is vasoconstriction?
The powder most commonly used for supragingival air polishing.
What is sodium bicarbonate?
Plaque accounts for ____ % of the direct risk of developing periodontitis.
What is 20%?
The stage of a patient missing < or = to 4 teeth due to periodontitis.(2017 AAP System)
What is Stage III?
The hormone that increases with increased stress levels.
What is cortisol?
One of the effects of smoking on biofilm.
What is: (any one)
colonization of periodontal pathogens?
depletion of beneficial bacteria?
favourable environment for anaerobic bacteria?
Can be caused by iron in the saliva.
What is black line stain?