Definitions
Lacking oxygen; referring to an organism, environment, or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.
Anaerobic
A highly branched polymer of glucose containing thousands of subunits; functions as a compact store of glucose molecules in liver and muscle fibers.
Glycogen
What biological process do all living things go through
Cellular Respiration
What are performance enhancing drugs?
Artificial ways of making the body function better during competition
What are the two forms respiration can take?
Aerobic and anaerobic
A technique for temporarily improving athletic performance in which oxygen-carrying red blood cells previously withdrawn from an athlete are injected back just before an event.
Blood Doping
An organic acid present in blood and muscle tissue as a product of the anaerobic metabolism of glucose and glycogen.
Lactic Acid
What is responsible for the burning sensation when you exercise to the point of exhaustion?
Lactic Acid
What do anabolic steroids do?
Stimulates tissue and muscle growth
How long does the phosphagen system make enrgy more?e
8-10 seconds
The most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.
Cellular Respiration
Inability of muscle to maintain its strength of contraction or tension; may be related to insufficient oxygen, depletion of glycogen, and/or lactic acid buildup.
Muscle Fatigue
What is the form glucose is stored in?
Glycogen
What does blood doping do?
Enhances stamina by loading blood with more red blood cells to increase oxygen carrying capacity
How is the phosphagen system different from the glycogen-lactic system?
The glycogen-lactic acid system is slower, but it's more long lasting
A compound of creatine and phosphoric acid that is found especially in vertebrate muscle where it is an energy source for muscle contraction.
Creatine Phosphate
What is the form of energy with 3 phosphates
ATP
Anaerobic respiration is the break down of glucose without what?
Oxygen
Enhances stamina by loading blood with more red blood cells to increase oxygen carrying capacity
Promotes red blood cell production to increase oxygen carrying capacity
For respiration, where are the 3 places glucose come from
A hormonal substance that is formed especially in the kidney and stimulates red blood cell formation.
Erythropoietin
What is the uncharged from of energy?
ADP
Aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose with what
Oxygen
Who else uses steroids other than athletes?
Most steroid users aren't athletes. Men who what to enhance their muscles and strength and premature babies.
What are the ways muscle can fatigue (not because of exercise)?
Lack of oxygen, lack of fluid and electrolytes, lack of sleep, and poor nutrition