Mitosis/Meiosis
How many chromosomes are in a human gamete?
23
What is the three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
Codon
What is Chargaffs Rule?
A=T and C=G
What happens during gap 1 of the cell cycle?
The cell grows and carries out normal functions
What does the central dogma of DNA state?
DNA flows in one direction (DNA>RNA>Proteins)
What is produced at the end of meiosis?
Haploid gametes
What type of bond holds base pairs together?
Hydrogen Bonds
What is the shape of DNA?
Double Helix
In what phase does the nucleus and the contents divide?
Mitosis
Give an example of a mutagen
UV sunlight, cigarette smoke
What is produced at the end of mitosis?
Two identical daughter cells
Where does translation take place?
Ribosomes
Give an example of a biological trait
Eye color, hair color, blood type
What is cytokinesis?
Division of the cytoplasm
What type of mutation has no effect on a phenotype?
A silent mutation
The normal shuffling of alleles during meiosis results in?
Recombination
What is the job of DNA polymerase?
Check for errors and bind base pairs back together
What is the phenotypic ratio of a cross between 2 heterozygous parents?
3:1
What is cancer?
Uncontrolled cell growth
When an organism has two alleles that are different, the organism is called?
Heterozygous
What genetic material does a kid inherit from their father?
22 autosomes and an X or Y chromosome
How many amino acids are coded for in the sequence CGAUACAGUAGC?
4
What Law States that organisms inherit one copy of each gene from each parent?
Law of Segregation
What process requires no energy from the cell?
Facilitated Diffusion
What is gametogenesis?
The production of gametes