Chapter 3

Rep/MetabolicAcid/Alkalosis

100

Slow, shallow respirations

respiratory acidosis

200

Hyperventilation

Respiratory alkalosis

300

Shock(poor circulation)

Metabolic Acidosis

400

Vomiting

Metabolic alkalosis

500

Diarrhea

Metabolic acidosis

Tonicity

100

A solution that has the same osmotic pressure as ICF

Isotonic

200

A solution that has a lower osmotic pressure(is less concentrated) than that of body fluids

Hypotonic

300

A solution that has a higher osmotic pressure than that of body fluids

Hypertonic

400

Dextrose 5% in water

Isotonic

500

Saline 0.45%

Hypotonic

Complication of IV Therapy

100

Arm swollen, tender, cool to touch

Infiltration

200

Site red, tender, warm, IV infusion sluggish

Thrombophlebitis 

300

Vein hard with skin red, swollen, tender, warm. Blood return present

Phlebitis

400

Tingling feeling or numbness at or below the catheter  insertion site

Nerve damage

500

Pain at insertion site, edema, burning, pale, fluid leaking around catheter site

Extravasation

Electrolyte Imbalance

100

Muscle weakness, lethargy, cardiac day rhythmical, abdominal pain

Hypokalemia

200

Muscle spasm, tetany, positive Trosseau sign

Hypocalcemia

300

Fatigue, hypotension, paralysis

Hyperkalemia

400

Sweating and flushing,  respiratory depression

Hypermagnesemia

500

Taut skin turgid, intense thirst, oliguria

Hypernatremia

Function of Electrolyte

100

Cation, regulates ECF volume through somatic pressure, maintains neuromuscular irritability 

Sodium(Na+)

200

Important to nerve transmission and muscle contraction

Potassium

300

A buffer that neutralizes excess acids in the body

Bicarbonate

400

Necessary for formative n of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Phosphate

500

Necessary for building bones and teeth

Magnesium