Concepts
What prompts the speaker to speak at this particular point in time
Exigence
Evidence and facts appeal to this
Logos
repetition of initial consonant letters
alliteration
the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses
anaphora
figure of speech in which two seemingly opposing and contradictory elements are juxtaposed
oxymoron
The audience present at the speech
Immediate audience
convincing an audience that the writer is benevolent and trustworthy
ethos
intentional and extreme exaggeration
hyperbole
a scheme in which several conjunctions are used to join connected clauses in places where they are not contextually necessary
polysyndeton
an imitation of a writer, artist, subject, or genre in such a way as to make fun of or comment on the original work.
parody
Arrangement plus diction, syntax, imagery, and figurative language
Surface features
using the first person plural pronoun
ethos
a figure of speech in which the part stands for the whole
synecdoche
Diction, combined with syntax, figurative language, literary devices, etc creates this
Author's style
the rules and principles that govern sentence structure in a language
syntax
What the speaker wants you to feel while listening and do after listening
Purpose
theorizing of cause and effect
logos
an extended metaphor
conceit
An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language
invective
a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite.
litote
An audience that is not physically present but is affected by the speech
Mediated audience
appeals to the audience's physical, psychological, or social needs
pathos
A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.
apostrophe
when events turn out the opposite of what was expected; when what the characters and readers think ought to happen is not what does happen
Situational irony
The major category into which a literary work fits.
Genre
The rhetorical strategy of extending a metaphor through an entire narrative so that objects, persons, and actions in the text are equated with meanings that lie outside the text.
Allegory
A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place,or work of art.
To explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar
Analogy
The word, phrase, or
clause referred to by a
pronoun.
antecedent
A verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate, distort, or oversimplify, for comic effect, a person’s distinctive physical features or other characteristics. Used to ridicule