People in Science
They were thought to be the world's first real scientists during the 6th and 7th centuries BC.
Ancients Greeks
An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a questions.
hypothesis
A science experiment found that heavier objects fall to the ground faster than lighter objects. Then a feather is dropped that contradicts that conclusion. That example of a feather contradicting a conclusion is called what?
counter example
A student designed an experiment to find the factors that affect the speed at which airplanes fly. Is this pure science, applied science, or technology?
The goal is simply to gain knowledge, so it is PURE SCIENCE.
Scientific progress depends not only on scientists, but it also depends on ____________ and ________________.
government, culture
He is not the inventor of the telescope, but he built a telescope that allowed him to gather a lot of data about the planets and their motion. He was put in prison for his ideas.
Galileo
An aspect of an experiment that changes during the course of the experiment.
Experimental variable
Science must conform to the _____________
scientific method
Which of the following are examples of technology: folding chair, the life cycle of a butterfly, scissors, directions for how steel is made.
Technology is a process or machine that makes life better or makes a job easier. Thus examples of technology are folding chairs, scissors, and directions for making steel.
Science progresses by building on the work of ______________ _________________.
previous scientists
This scientist believed that science had to be linked to math. There was an order to creation, and math helped to explain that order.
Isaac Newton
Experiments in which information about the test if kept from the participants to reduce bias.
Blind experiments
Science is not a means by which something could be proved, because the conclusions of science are not always _________________. New information continually change the conclusions.
Settled
The Mari Tablets were stone tablets discovered by French archeologists that mention King Arch from Genesis 14, indicating that he was a real person from the Bible. Is this an example of an internal test, external test, or a bibliographic test?
An EXTERNAL TEST compares information in a document with known historical facts or known archeological facts.
The interpretation of scientific data is often dependent on the individual scientist's ________________.
worldview
He mistakenly believed in spontaneous generation. And because he was so respected as one of the greatest scientists of all time, spontaneous generation was believed to be true for over 2,000 years after he came up with it.
Aristotle
Experiments in which neither the experimenters nor the participants now the objects' identities in the setup.
Double-blind experiments
science
How is an archeologist different from a paleontologist?
A paleontologist study life's history as revealed in the preserved remains of once-living organisms.
An archeologist study the past of human life as revealed by preserved relics.
How is a scientific THEORY different from a scientific LAW?
Both are supported by a vast amount of evidence from years of experimentation.
Scientific theory EXPLAINS WHY the natural world happens.
Scientific laws do NOT EXPLAIN WHY a phenomenon exists or what causes it. It just describes what happens in the natural world.
He incorrectly assumed that Earth was at the center of the universe (geocentric system). It fit many scientists' preconceived notion of how things ought to be.
Ptolemy
A baker wants to see how to make a more moist cake by putting it in an instant pot as compared to an oven. Which experiment has fewer unwanted variables:
1. Using one pan with the same ingredients testing it twice. One time with an instant pot and the second time with an oven.
2. Using 2 pans with same ingredients. One pan is in put in the instant pot and the other pan is put in the oven.
Experimental setup #1 has fewer unwanted variables. The baker is using the same pan each time. Different pans might lose heat at different rates.
Dr. Semmelweis used the ____________ ______________ to determine that there was something unseen but deadly that could be carried from one person in the hospital to another. He tested the suggestion that all doctors wash their hands before examine patients. Many scientists refused to believe that they were the cause and the death rate rose again.
Scientific Method
A term that encompasses all scientific pursuits related to LIVING ORGANISMS.
Life Science
After years of further experimentation by scientists, showing germs through a microscope infecting and harming healthy tissue, Dr. Semmelweis' theory that something deadly was being passed among hospital patients became a scientific ______________.