Phase 1
First Nations people began to trade with Europeans who came for land.
who began to trade with the europeans?
They traded independently with the First Nations and had the nickname ‘runner of the wood’
Who are the Coureur de Bois?
This European fur trading Company was the main rival against the NW company.
What is the Hudson's Bay Company?
There use to be two colonies but they combined to be the same people.
Who were British and France?
The 2 companies who's competitions led to shootings, fighting and hostage-taking, who's conflict ended when Britain advised them to merge under one of the company's names.
Who were the Hudson Bay Company and the Northwest Company?
Cod fishing began the early fur trade.
what began the early fur trade?
They were the main shipping centre for the fur trade network, running up the St. Lawrence River and its tributaries.
What are Quebec and Montreal?
These people/groups of people were independent contractors and travelled up and down the St. Lawrence rivers to get to fur trading posts to deliver and exchange goods. They were forbidden to do any trading of their own.
Who were the Voyageurs?
Two major companies competed against each other which made the Northwest Company.
What were the Merchants and the Hudson Bay Company?
The 2 groups the expanded west with the fur trade, which now forms 2 of the most geographically extensive First Nations, one of whom moved west partly to compensate for failing food resources when the buffalo began to decline.
Who were the Anishinabe & Cree?
The British set up stations on shore to dry their catch, but didn’t establish permanent settlements.
Who didn't establish a permanent settlement?
The French lost a key middleman of the fur trade caused by the Haudenosaunee.
Who were the Quandt?
1670
When was Hudson's bay company founded?
Two groups supplied the fur trade with pemmican.
Who were the Metis and Native?
1869
When was Rupert's Land sold Canada?
Cartier recorded this successful meeting with a group from Stadacona.
Who recorded a successful meeting with a group from Stadacona.
They founded the Hudson's Bay Company and owned the land around the Hudson Bay.
Who are the British?
These cross-cultural mix people became Guides, Traders, freighters, Provisioners, etc
Who were the Métis?
British wanted land-hoarding farms so the objective was pushed further because of lack of land.
what was the fur trade?
The group that won the court case that allowed them to supply furs & pemmican to Americans which led to HBC losing its monopoly.
Who were the Independent Metis traders?
Glass beads by trading with the French.
What did the Mi’kmaq acquired?
The Jesuit missionaries aimed to convert the First Nations to this kind of religion.
What is Christianity?
These people (mainly Nakota and Cree First Nations) would capture furs and trade them at Trading posts for rifles, ammunition, metal goods, etc.
Who were the middlemen?
1779
when was Northwest company made?
The Canadian Oblate priest who arrived in Canada in 1852 & converted many First Nations to Catholicism, introduced them to farming & became a negotiator between the Cree & Blackfoot over the conflict over the shrinking buffalo population.
Who was Father Albert Lacombe?