U
This type of hydrocarbon contains a double bond.
alkene
This rule states that the addition of a proton to the double bond of an alkene results in a product with the acidic proton bonded to the carbon atom that already holds the greater number of hydrogens.
Markovnikov’s Rule
Peroxides produce these species.
Free radicals
These types of alkynes are more acidic than other hydrocarbons.
terminal
In this type of reaction, addition of water to the double bond of an alkene forms an alcohol.
Hydration
Rearrangements can occur when this type of intermediate is present.
In this type of reaction, borane adds to the double bond of an alkene in a single step.
hydroboration
n the halogenation reaction, two halogen atoms add across the double bond of an alkene to form this type of dihalide.
vicinal
If no double bond is present in the “decolorizing bromine” experiment, the solution will be this color.
brown
These conditions for KMnO4 will result in a hydroxylation reaction.
cold, dilute
H+ can be removed from a terminal alkyne using this substance.
This type of alkene polymerization is initiated using peroxides.
free radical
dilute, neutral KMnO4 oxidizes alkynes to this species.
diketone
-OH bonded to a benzen ring is referred to as this.
phenol
The classification of an alcohol containing a carbon with -OH bonded to two other carbons is this.
secondary
The acidity of alcohols _________ as the number of carbons _________.
decreases, increases
Another name for 1,2 diols is this.
glycols OR vicinal diols
In this type of reaction, the double bond of an alkene is protonated in the first step forming the most stable carbocation, and the carbocation is attacked by a halide in the second step forming an alkyl halide.
HX addition
In free radical addition HX addition, this molecule breaks to form the first radical during initiation.
Peroxide
In this type of oxidative cleavage reaction, the triple bond of an alkyne is broken to form carboxylic acids.
ozonolysis
These two acids are used to drive the equilibrium between hydration and dehydration toward hydration.
H2SO4 (sulfuric acid), H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)
These two reactions form a halonium ion intermediate.
Halohydrin formation and halogenation
These three types of polymerization reactions can occur with an alkene monomer.
cationic, free radical, anionic
This catalyst can be used to produce an alkene with cis stereochemistry from an alkyne.
"Lindlar's" catalyst (Pd/BaSO4/quinoline), partially poisoned Pd
nucleophilic substitution