Biomolecules
Functions
Pathways
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What is the storage form of glucose in humans?
Glycogen
100
Any enzyme that moves a functional group from one molecule to another is called a ____
transferase
100
In glycolysis, what enzyme converts glucose to glucose 6-phosphate?
hexokinase (or glucokinase)
100
Unfolding of a protein due to exposure to heat or acid solution is called...
denaturation
100
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering what?
Activation energy of a reaction
200
Alpha helices and beta sheets are examples of this level of protein structure.
Secondary
200
Which vitamin is most needed for clotting factor synthesis?
Vitamin K
200
The oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is accompanied by the reduction of ___?
NAD+ to NADH
200
Any compound with the general formula (CH2O)n
Carbohydrate
200
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its substrate binds?
active site
300
Fatty acids link to glycerol via this type of bond
ester
300
Which glucose transport protein is insulin dependent
GLUT-4
300
Aldolase cleaves fructose 1,6 bisphosphate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and ___?
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
300
Conversion of pyruvate into alcohol or lactate is called...
fermentation
300
What is the name of the model of enzyme kinetics which plots reaction rate against substrate concentration?
Michaelis-menten
400
This lipid serves as the precursor to all steroid hormones
cholesterol
400
Which of these enzymes are synthesized by intestinal mucus membrane?
carboxypeptidase, pepsin, maltase, amylase
maltase
400
What are the substrates of citrate synthase?
Oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA
400
What is this functional group?
ketone
400
Enzymes can be regulated by metabolites in its own pathway as a feedback mechanism. This is called...
allosteric regulation
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base
500
What are three substrates used for gluconeogenesis?
glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, lactate, pyruvate
500
The catabolism of fatty acids into acetyl Co-A is called
beta oxidation
500
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds.
Ionic - give and take electrons
Covalent - sharing electrons
500
Name the enzyme that catalyzes the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis and is the target of statin drugs?
HMG-CoA reductase