DNA
Where is the DNA mainly located inside a cell?
Inside the nucleus.
What happens to the two strands at the start of the process?
They are separated
The process by which the message from DNA is rewritten into RNA.
Transcription
What is the anticodon corresponding to the codon GUA?
CAU
Decode CGT CCA TTC from DNA to mRNA (messenger RNA)
GCA GGU AAG
What is DNA and what is its function?
The blueprint of life; contains the instructions for making protein within the cell.
Which enzyme makes a new strand of DNA?
DNA polymerase
The language of mRNA instructions read by ribosomes in 3 letter sequences
Codons
What is the maximum number of amino acids that could be coded for by delectation mutation?
3
What does transcription and DNA replication both have in common?
They both involve making copies of the DNA in a cell. Transcription copies the DNA into RNA, while replication makes another copy of DNA
What is the structure of DNA called, and how came up to it?
Double-helix structure by Watson & Crick.
Which strand can not be made in a continuous way and why?
Lagging strand. It's because this strand runs in the opposite direction which is 3' to 5'
The form of the RNA that carries each amino acid to the ribosome to form the polypeptide chain(protein)
tRNA
Where the DNA translation occurs?
In the cytoplasm
The cell cycle can be thought of as the life of a cell. In which stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
S phase
What is the DNA helix made out of?
The back bone of the molecule is alternating phosphates and deoxyribose sugar; the "teeth" are nitrogenous bases.
What are the short sequences of DNA nucleotides used to create the lagging strand?
Okazaki fragments
The main enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence
RNA polymerase
What are the 3 stages of the DNA translation?
Initiation, elongation, termination
Name the three different stages in which translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs
Initiation, elongation, and termination
What are the names of the two nitrogenous bases, their corresponding nucleotide bases, and which pairs form?
The two nitrogenous bases are Pyrimidine and Purine; Cytosine and Thymine are Pyrimidines, and Adenine ande Guanine are Purines; The pairs are A-T and C-G.
What's the function of primase?
This enzyme makes a small piece of RNA called a primer.
The process that takes place before the mRNA is sent to the ribosome. Some RNA bases are removed in order to create a final draft of the mRNA
RNA editing
What is the name of the chain that is formed after decoding an mRNA molecule?
Polypeptide chain
Interphase is the stage in life cycle of a cell where the cell grows, and DNA is replicated. What three stages are involved in interphase?
G1 (first gap), S (synthesis of new DNA), and G2 (second gap)