Pathology - Fractures & Fusions
A short cam walker is a common orthotic intervention for fractures of these bones.
What are the metatarsals?
The practice of pedorthics can be divided into 2 principal modalities; Foot Orthoses and this.
What is Therapeutic Footwear?
Proper shoe fitting guidelines include this range of space between the tip of the longest toe and the shoe.
What is 3/8" - 1/2"?
Plastic AFO trimlines that are positioned anterior the malleoli.
What are solid?
This ankle joint tolerates alignment inconsistency and is easily swapped out if needed.
What is the tamarack joint?
This is the most common form of cerebral palsy, occurring in roughly 80% of diagnosed cases.
What is spastic?
The usual mechanism of injury for a talar fracture.
What is high energy trauma?
This type of foot orthosis is made from soft materials designed to contain soft tissue and yield to pressure.
What is accommodative?
In order for a rocker sole to provide optimal function, it should be applied to this type of a sole.
What is a rigid (or stiff) sole?
In order to provide a dorsiflexion assist when using double action ankle joints, a spring is placed here.
What is the posterior channel?
Fitting guidelines for a plastic AFO state that the proximal trimline should terminate here.
What is 20mm distal to the neck of the fibula?
Accounting for about 5% of cerebral palsy diagnoses, patients with this type of CP have experienced damage to the basal ganglia.
What is athetoid?
A nutcracker fracture results due to compression of the cuboid between the 4th and 5th metatarsals and this bone.
What is the calcaneus?
Toe spacers may beneficial in treating this condition.
What is hallux valgus?
The apex of a rocker sole is aligned perpendicular to this.
What is the line of progression?
Plantar flexor spasticity is an indication for this design feature of an AFO.
What is a plantarflexion stop?
The self selected walking speed in women aged 40-49 was found to be 1.39 m/s, while for men is found to be this.
What is 1.43 m/s?
Along with translocation and mosaicism, this is a chromosomal presentation of Down Syndrome.
What is Trisomy 21?
A person may have difficulty walking on uneven ground after undergoing this fusion.
What is a subtalar fusion?
A dancer pad may be used to relieve the pain associated with this condition.
What is sesamoiditis?
The "steepness" of a rocker compared to the floor is called this.
What is the rocker angle?
The Carlson modification describes aggressive modifications to this area to better control the subtalar joint in a UCBL.
What is the sustentaculum tali?
Stroke, TBI, and SCI all fall under this category of causes for pathologic gait.
What is central control dysfunction (or upper motor neuron lesion)?
Patients diagnosed with this type of cerebral palsy present with difficulty with balance, hypotonia, and poor muscle control as a result of damage to the cerebellum.
What is Ataxic?
The fusion of this joint separates a pantalar fusion from a triple arthrodesis.
What is the tibiotalar joint?
The ideal ratio of dorsal to plantar motion of the 1st ray.
What is 1:1?
An MPJ Rocker is designed to inhibit the dorsiflexion demand for these.
What are the toes (or digits)?
During childhood, proper alignment of this section of the foot sets a person up for more normal development and function.
What is the hindfoot?
In addition to minimal spasticity and adequate plantarflexion strength, Elaine Owen states a patient needs this in order to use an articulated AFO.
What is adequate PROM for dorsiflexion (10 degrees of relative DF)?
Only 1% of Down Syndrome cases are a result of this chromosomal presentation.
What is mosaicism?