Chemo mechanism of action
specific to the cell cycle these agents result this shape for their cell killing pattern
Bleomycin and Busulfan
What is pulmonary fibrosis
phase tthat asks if it is effective
what is phase 2
FAP
This is caused by a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene NF1 and characterized by multiple neurofibromas (benign tumors arising from Schwann cells), café-au-lait spots, and Lisch nodules (hamartomas of the iris), as well as increased risk of developing malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, pheochromocytomas, astrocytomas, and leukemias.
WHat is neurofibromatosis 1?
This agent inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) which inhibits purine and DNA synthesis, it is also used for autoimmune diseases
What is methotrexate
hemorrhagic cystitis than improves with mesna
what is cyclophosphamide
phase to ask is it better than existing therapy
What is phase 3
Caused by mutations in the genes SMAD4 and BMPR1A these patients have a lifetime risk of colon cancer is estimated to be 10% to 50%, and the risk of gastric cancer may be as much as 20%.
What is juvenile polyposis
This is the mutation responsible in von hippel-lindau
What is VHL
inhibits thymidylate synthetase which inhibits purine and DNA synthesis
What is 5-FU
causes renal toxicity, radiation recall, leucovorin rescue (folinic aid) reverses effects by re-supplying folate
What is methotrexate
phase to examine safety
what is phase 1
characterized by gastrointestinal (GI) polyposis and mucocutaneous pigmentation. The polyps are hamartomas with unclear malignant potential. mutations in the STK11 gene
What is Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
•characterized by the development of retinal hemangioblastomas, which can lead to blindness, cerebellar hemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma, spinal hemangioblastomas, pheochromocytomas, renal and pancreatic cysts, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
An Alkylating agent, this chemotherapeutic works by transfering alkyl groups, form covalent bonds to DNA
What is cyclophosphamide?
heart toxicity 2/2 O2 free radicals
doxorubicin
implementation and marketing phase
what is phase 4
Cesmoids are seen in 10% to 20% of patients with this syndrome, commonly arising in the small bowel mesentery. Benign but can be locally aggressive, and resection is difficult and prone to recurrence.
What is FAP
•tumors of the parathyroid, pancreatic islet cells, and pituitary
•initial presentation is usually hyperparathyroidism, which occurs in virtually all affected individuals.
What is MEN 1
This agent is a DNA intercalator, causes O2 radical formation
What is doxorubicin
Leucovorin increases the toxicity of this chemoagent
What is 5-FU
Sound statistical methodology should be used in the design of clinical trials. This includes: (list one of three answer choices to get the points)
•Power calculation
•Sample size determination
•Definition (precise) of specific end points
Double Jeopardy :In which familial cancer syndrome would you recommend patients start cancer screening with colonoscopy at age 20 to 25 years (repeated every 1-3 years) and transvaginal ultrasound or endometrial aspiration beginning at age 20 to 25 years (repeated annually)?
•A. Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
•B. Familial adenomatous polyposis
•C. Cowden disease
•D. Familial juvenile polyposis
•E. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
What is A - HNPCC
•Screening for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer entails colonoscopy at age 20 to 25 years (repeated every 1-3 years), plus annual transvaginal ultrasound or endometrial aspiration (females) at age 20 to 25 years.
Age by which patients with MEN2B should undergo thyroidectomy
What is 6 months of age