Government
The system for implementing decisions made through the political process
What is Government ?
Policy disagreements are ultimately resolved through politics - through decisions made by citizens, such as their votes in election.
What is Democracy?
freedom
What is Liberty?
Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out.
What is Shay's Rebellion ?
Is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a general government with regional governments in a single political system.
What is Federalism?
The division of government power across the judicial, executive, and legislative branches
What is Separation of powers ?
Where citizens elect people to represent them and make laws on their behalf, instead of always voting directly on laws and other governmentactions.
What is Representative Democracy ?
As a political value, the idea that all people are of equal worth
What is Equality?
Virginia delegate James Madison's plan of government, in which states got a number of representatives in Congress based on their population
What is Virginia Plan?
A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. They may also share costs, administration, and even blame for programs that work poorly.
What is Cooperative Federalism?
Services or actions that, once provided to one person, become available to everyone. Government public goods because will be under-provided by the free market.
What is Public Goods ?
A system of government where rank-and-file citizens rule themselves rather than electing representatives to govern on their behalf
What is Participatory Democracy?
One side of the idealogical spectrum defined by support for lower taxes, a free market, and more-limited government
What is Conservative?
A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress
What is New Jersey Plan?
Federal government using money (grants) to influence & control states.
What is Fiscal Federalism?
Group of like-minded people who try to influence the government. American government is set up to avoid domination by anyone of these groups.
What is Factions ?
describes a political system where there is more than one center of power
What is Pluralist Democracy ?
One side of the ideology spectrum defined by the support for stronger government programs and more market regulation
What is Liberal?
Supreme Court ruling (1819) confirming the supremacy of national over state government
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
A form of federalism in which the federal government pressures the states to change their policies by using regulations, mandates, and conditions (often involving threats to withdraw federal funding).
What is Coercive Federalism?
A system in which each branch of government has some power over the others.
What is checks and balances ?
A democratic government in which some citizens have disproportionate influence over government policy.
What is elitist democracy ?
A government ruled by a king or queen
What is Monarchy?
Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment)
What is Three-Fifths Compromise?
A more refined and realistic form of cooperative federalism in which policy makers within a particular policy area work together across the levels of government.
What is Picket Fence Federalism?