Basic Science
What is an experiment?
An activity that is planned and designed to test a hypothesis
What does a good graph need to be complete?
Title, label, legend, Min and Max Values
In a liquid, do particles move faster when they are hot or cold?
Hot
What is a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism working together for a single purpose called?
A system
What is the difference between hot and cold particles in a liquid?
The particles move faster in the a liquid.
What is a hypothesis?
can be defined as an "educated guess"
must meet two criteria:
A scientific hypothesis must be testable.
A scientific hypothesis must be falsifiable.
When should you use a line graph?
When tracking changes over short and long periods of time or to compare changes over the same period of time for more than one group.
What is a state of matter with a set volume and a set shape, molecules do not move independently
solid
What is energy of an object when the object is in motion called?
Describe how the principle of molecular motion works in a thermometer?
Warmer molecules move faster, spread out, and rise in the thermometer.
What is an independent variable?
variable that is changed by the researcher
When should you use a pie chart?
When you are trying to compare parts of a whole.
What is a state of matter without a set shape or volume, molecules move independently called?
Gas
What is energy in a system with atoms and molecules colliding with each other called?
Thermal or heat energy
Describe the behavior of molecules in a solid.
Molecules vibrate but keep their relative position.
What is a dependent variable?
a variable that the researcher predicts will change if the manipulated variable changes, the thing that is measured
When should you use a bar graph?
To compare things between different groups or to track changes over time. However, when trying to measure change over time, bar graphs are best when the changes are larger.
What is a state of matter with a set volume but no set shape, molecules move independently
liquid
What is the unit of energy that goes with thermal energy called?
The Joule or Calorie
Compare the behavior of hot and cold gasses.
Hot molecules move faster, spread out, and expand volume. Cold molecules move slower, get closer, and decrease volume.
What is a controlled variable?
a variable that is intentionally kept constant so it won’t influence the outcome of an experiment
When should you use an X-Y plot?
X-Y plots are used to determine relationships between the two different things.
How do molecules behave differently in a liquid vs. a solid?
Molecules move freely in a liquid. In a solid, they vibrate but maintain their position next to the other molecules.
What is transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching called?
Conduction
What is the relationship between kinetic energy, the number of particles/molecules, and thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the combination of kinetic energy and the number of particles.