Stars
This type of star has a mass that is between 0.5 and 8x the mass of our Sun and lives a very long, non-violent life
low mass star
At 1.4 solar masses, this limit of a white dwarf is reached
Chandrasekhar limit
Although type 1a supernovae are not initially standard, they can be standardized using this relation
luminosity decline rate relation
These two characteristics help define the lifespan of a low mass star
mass and luminosity
The final form of a star that comes after a red giant after it has lost some of its mass and shed its outer layer
white dwarf
If a type 1a supernova has an apparent brightness of +16 and an absolute brightness of -19, what is the distance to that galaxy that the supernova is in?
1 x 108 parsecs
A unique chain specific to low mass stars; the process whereby four hydrogen nuclei fuse to form a helium nucleus
proton-proton chain
This is a process that helps the star to survive by reducing some of its mass from the outer layers or outer shell of the star
planetary nebula
What characteristic of type 1a supernovae was believed to be the same, leading cosmologists to believe they could be used as standard candles?
peak brightness
the two elements that are the result of helium fusing into heavier elements and form the basis of the star core
carbon and oxygen
In this method of supernova formation, material from the red giant star is captured by the white dwarf
accretion disk on white dwarf
In a type 1a supernova light curve, time point 0 represents...
maximum brightness of the B-band