Nuclear Chemistry
Alpha particles and beta particles differ in
both mass and charge
Which kind of energy is stored in a chemical bond?
potential energy
The atomic number of an atom is always equal to the total number of
protons
What occurs when sugar is added to water?
The freezing point of the water will decrease, and the boiling point will increase.
Which term represents the change of a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase?
a) condensation
b) vaporization
c) evaporation
d) fusion
d) fusion
Which nuclear emission moving through an electric field would be deflected toward the positive electrode?
beta particle
The energy required to change a unit mass of a solid to a liquid at constant temperature is called its heat of
fusion
In the laboratory a student determined the atomic mass of an element to be 28.02. The accepted value is 28.086. The difference between the student's observed value and the accepted value, expressed to the correct number of significant figures, is
0.07
As a solute is added to a solvent, what happens to the freezing point and the boiling point of the solution?
(A) The freezing point decreases and the boiling point decreases.
(B) The freezing point decreases and the boiling point increases.
(C) The freezing point increases and the boiling point decreases
(D) The freezing point increases and the boiling point increases.
B) The freezing point decreases and the boiling point increases
Which substance may be used as fuel in a nuclear reactor?
a) Ra-226
b) U-235
c) Fr-220
d) Pb-204
b) U-235
Complete the nuclear equation below for the decay of C-14. Your response must include the atomic number, the mass number, and the symbol of the missing particle.
146C --> 0-1e + ______
147N
As heat is added to a liquid that is boiling at constant pressure, the temperature of the liquid
increases
A 9.90-gram sample of a hydrated salt is heated to a constant mass of 6.60 grams. What was the percent by mass of water contained in the sample?
33.3%
What particle can not be accelerated by the electric or magnetic field in a particle accelerator?
a) proton
b) neutron
c) positron
d) electron
b) neutron
Which type of reaction produces energy and intensely radioactive waste products?
a) fusion of tritium and deuterium
b) fission of uranium
c) burning of heating oil
d) burning of wood
b) fission of uranium
The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the masses of
all of its naturally occurring isotopes
The greatest amount of heat energy would be required to raise the temperature of a 1 gram sample of water from
(A) 10°C to 30°C
(B) 20°C to 30°C
(C) 30°C to 60°C
(D) 40°C to 60°C
C) 30°C - 60°C
The temperature of 15 grams of water increased 3.0 Celsius degrees. How much heat was absorbed by the water
188.1J
Which statement best explains why most atomic masses on the Periodic Table are decimal numbers?
a) atomic masses are an estimated average of the artificially produced isotopes.
b) atomic masses are a weighted average of the naturally occurring isotopes
b) atomic masses are a weighted average of the naturally occurring isotopes
Bombarding a nucleus with high-energy particles that change it from one element into another is called
artificial transmutation
An 80 milligram sample of a radioactive isotope decays to 5 milligrams in 32 days. What is the half-life of this element?
8 days
As the average kinetic energy of a substance increases, the temperature of the sample
increases
Element X has two isotopes. If 72.0% of the element has an isotopic mass of 84.9 atomic mass units, and 28.0% of the element has an isotopic
mass of 87.0 atomic mass units, the average atomic mass of element X is numerically equal to
85.5
How many grams of a 32-gram sample of P-32 will remain after 71.5 days?
a) 1g
b) 2g
c) 8g
d) 4g
a) 1 gram
The number of neutrons available in a fission reactor is adjusted by the
a) moderator
b) control rods
c) shielding
d) coolant
b) control rods