Rocks

Classifying Rocks pgs. 44-47

100

What are rocks made of?

minerals

200

To study rocks, scientists may look at texture, which is the size of a rock's ___________.

grains

300

What are the 3 types of rocks?

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

Igneous Rocks pgs. 48-51

100

Igneous rocks are made out of ________ or _______.

magma or lava

200

What type of igneous rock forms INSIDE Earth, from magma?

intrusive

300

What type of igneous rock forms on Earth's surface, from lava?

extrusive

400

Name some ways igneous rocks are used:

granite: building, countertops

obsidian: jewelry, Native American arrowheads

pumice: cleaners or to smooth rough skin

Sedimentary Rocks pgs. 52-57

100

Name the 5 steps in the process of sedimentary rock formation:

WEATHERING (broken up into sediments), EROSION (carried away), DEPOSITED (into layers), COMPACTED (pressed together by the weigh of layers), CEMENTED (glued together by dissolved minerals)

200

What type of sedimentary rock is formed from bits and pieces of other rock being squeezed together?

clastic

ex: sandstone, conglomerate, shale

300

What type of sedimentary rock is formed from once living plants or animals?

organic

ex: coal, limestone

400

What type of sedimentary rock is formed from evaporation OR when minerals in a water solution crystallize?

chemical

ex: rock salt, a form of limestone 

500

Name some ways sedimentary rocks are used:

coal: electricity 

sea salt: cooking

limestone: building materials and cement

sandstone: sandblasting

Metamorphic Rockspgs. 58-61

100

Matamorphic rock forms when other rocks are _____.

changed

200

What 2 forces can change rocks into metamorphic rocks?

heat and/or pressure

300

This type of metamorphic rock has bands of color.

foliated

400

This type of metamorphic rock's grains are arranged randomly.

non-foliated

500

Name some ways metamorphic rocks are used:

marble- building and monuments

slate- blackboards or stepping stones

Rock Cyclepgs. 62-65

100

What type of rock is formed when other rocks are put under heat and/or pressure?

metamorphic

200

Weathering and erosion creates ______.

sediment

300

Explain how sediments of clay become the metamorphic rock slate.

(hint: clay has to turn into sedimentary rock first!)

CLAY sediments get deposited into layers.  Layers get compacted and cemented into SHALE.  The shale gets put under heat and/or pressure and will change into SLATE.

400

What happens when rock melts?

It turns into magma