Upper Extremity
Mallet finger (or baseball finger) occurs with a direct blow to the finger tip, and results in disruption of this ligament
Terminal extensor tendon
Bonus: Treatment?
The drop arm test is used to assess for full thickness rotator cuff tears, particularly of this muscle
Supraspinatous
28 yo F with right heel pain that has been bothering her for one week. She has been training for a marathon but does not recall specific trauma to area. Pain is worse in the morning when taking her first steps, improves throughout the day, but worsens after long time on her feet. Exam with reproducible pain with dorsiflexion of great toe.
Plantar fasciitis
This is a cause of lower back pain that gets progressively worse with time. It is relieved by walking uphill and worsened with walking downhill
Spinal stenosis
Forward flexion relieves compression, extension exacerbates
Occult supracondylar fracture can be diagnosed based on this soft tissue finding
Presence of a posterior fat pad
Lunate dislocation places patient's at imminent risk for acute injury of this nerve
Median nerve injury
A _ occurs when the glenoid labrum is disrupted during shoulder dislocation and a boney fragment is avulsed
Bankart lesion
What is the most commonly injured ligament in an ankle sprain
Anterior talofibular ligament
25 year old M with hx of anterior uveitis with 3 months of back pain and stiffness, worse at night that improves with mild activity
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Bonus: blood test to help confirm?
The _ describes the line along the superior edge of the neck of the femur that should intersect the lateral part of the superior femoral epiphysis
Klein line
Helpful in diagnosis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
De Quervains tenosynovitis can be classically tested for with this physical exam maneuver
Finkelstein maneuver
Humeral shaft fractures are often nonoperative. Acceptable alignment criteria include less than _ degrees of varus/valgus angulation
<30deg varus/valgus angulation
<20deg anterior angulation
<3cm shortening
45 yo M with left ankle pain. Was playing pick up basketball, jumped to make a shot, felt pain in posterior ankle and heard loud pop. Exam with lack of plantar flexion with squeezing calf. Which splint to immobilize this patient’s leg and foot
Equinus splint - puts foot at 20 degrees of plantar flexion
Radiculopathy of this nerve root causes pain down the lateral aspect of the leg into the foot, weakness to dorsiflexion of the great toe
L5
A jones fracture can be differentiated from a pseudo-jones due to this specific location of the 5th metatarsal
Metatarsal base
Gamekeeper's thumb is an insufficiency of this ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
What is the ulnar collateral ligament
Bonus: Etymology of phrase Gamekeeper's thumb?
This labrum injury commonly present as anterior shoulder pain in overhead throwing athletes and laborers involved in overhead activities who describe a "clicking" or "catching" sensation
SLAP tear - diagnosed definitively by MRA or arthroscopy
The lisfranc ligament attaches the base of the 2nd metatarsal to this bone
Medial cuneiform
Local inflammation of this muscle can cause typical lumbar radiculopathy without back pain
Piriformis (piriformis syndrome)
Bonus: physical exam maneuver to support dx?
The last of the six elbow ossification centers to appear is the _
External (lateral) epicondyle
CRITOE (capitellum, radial head, internal epicondyle, trochlea, olecranon, external epicondyle)
Kienbock disease refers to the avascular necrosis of this bone. Usually after a trauma, and most common in males between 20-40 years old
Lunate - leading to abnormal carpal motion
Inferior shoulder dislocation is commonly referred to by this Latin name
Luxatio Erecta
Common presentation of arm fully abducted and held above the head
Salter Harris type III fracture of the anterolateral portion of the distal tibia that occurs in adolescents 12-15
Tillaux fracture
Usually due to external rotation force causing avulsion of anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
This sacral fracture classification system helps differentiate severity of sacral fractures from zone I to zone III
Denis classification
1: lateral to foramina
2: through foramina, usually unstable
3: medial to foramina, high rate of neuro deficit
This is a rare, often insidious form of osteomyelitis that affects young adults and is often misdiagnosed radiologically as an osteoid ostoma
Brodies Abscess