Grammar
Present tenses: simple vs continuous, stative verbs
Complete the sentences with the present simple or the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Shanghai _______ the largest population of any city in the world. (have)
2 Blu-ray discs _______ more popular now they cheaper (become/be)
3 We often _______ to the cinema on Friday nights. (go)
4 Don’t disturb Tim. He _______ his homework. (do)
5 I _______ you should consider getting a new television. (think)
6 I _______ what you are saying but I can’t help you. (understand)
7 I watching romantic comedies with my friends. (love)
8 Jenny _______ university next month. (start)
9 Okay, we all _______ that we should go to the restaurant on Tuesday. (agree)
10 My neighbours _______ about something. (always argue)
1 has
2 are becoming, are
3 go
4 is doing
5 think
6 understand
7 love
8 is starting
9 agree
10 are always arguing
Lifestyle
Complete the text with the words in the box.
craving energetic harvested mysterious smuggling spread tough turned
QUINOA
I discovered quinoa when I decided to lose some weight and go on a diet. I wanted something that would make me feel 1________ but that was also healthy and would stop me from 2________ sugary snacks in the afternoon. I had heard of this 3________ plant, but never tried it. It grows well in the 4________ conditions of the Andes mountains and its popularity has 5________ all over the world due to its reputation as a very healthy food. It is quite expensive because it is mostly 6________ by hand, so I don’t eat it every day. So far, my diet is going well but I haven’t 7________ into a super fit athlete yet. I need to stop 8________ chocolate into work before that can happen!
1 energetic 2 craving 3 mysterious 4 tough 5 spread 6 harvested 7 turned 8 smuggling
Match verbs 1–9 with prepositions a)–i) .
1 overwhelmed a) up
2 race b) over
3 keep up c) by
4 have no control d) with
5 take e) out
6 struggle f) for
7 let something pile g) on
8 take time h) with
9 make time i) around
1c 2 i 3 d/h 4 b 5 g 6 d/h 7 a 8 e 9 f
Fair Isle
Underline the correct alternatives to complete the sentences. Then answer the questions yes or no so they are true for you.
1 Are you tired of holding up/down several jobs just to pay the bills?
2 Could you survive the loneliness/aloneness of working in a lighthouse?
3 Would you like to be an inhabitant/habitant of one of the most famous cities in the world?
4 Are you looking for somewhere to put down seeds/roots?
5 Could you live somewhere entirely cut off/away from the rest of civilisation?
6 Are you someone who doesn’t live life by half measures/measurements?
7 Are you feeling burnt out/up and in need of a rest?
8 Has your life had lots of downs and ups/ups and downs?
1 down 2 loneliness 3 inhabitant 4 roots 5 off 6 measures 7 out 8 ups and downs
CONNECTED SPEECH: linking
Mark the linking.
1 I prefer reading magazines.
2 The boss has no control over what happens in the office.
3 My colleague always lets her work pile up.
4 I’m so busy that I only get six hours sleep a night.
5 Helen is happy to take time out of her busy schedule to help you.
6 I find it difficult to fit all my work in.
1 I prefer ͜ reading magazines.
2 The boss has no control ͜ over what happens ͜ in the office.
3 My colleague ͜ always lets ͜ her work pile ͜ up.
4 I’m so busy that ͜ I only get six hours sleep ͜ a night.
5 Helen is happy to take time ͜ out ͜ of her busy schedule to help you.
6 I find ͜ it difficult ͜ to fit ͜ all my work ͜ in.
The passive; causative have
Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
1 Visitors can use the coffee machine.
2 Workers are collecting the coffee beans.
3 Thieves had stolen the money.
4 The barista made coffee with a machine.
5 Drivers will collect the bags of coffee.
6 The workers were carrying the bags.
7 Everyone has tried the new coffee blend.
8 Our baristas mix the coffee in advance.
1 The coffee machine can be used by visitors.
2 The coffee beans are being collected by workers.
3 The money had been stolen by thieves.
4 The coffee was made in a machine by the barista.
5 The bags of coffee will be collected by drivers.
6 The bags were being carried by the workers.
7 The new coffee blend has been tried by everyone.
8 The coffee is mixed in advance by our baristas.
Adverbs
Complete the sentences with one adverb in each gap. The first letter of each word is given.
1 It wasn’t his first time parachuting a__________. But, you should have seen how scared he looked.
2 After falling quite far, Nina b__________ got up and decided to continue the climb.
3 Climbers t__________ take a few days to acclimatise to the altitude.
4 I can h__________ say that I’ve never been so scared in my life.
5 He is l__________ the best skier I’ve ever seen.
6 They d__________ want to try water-skiing when they visit next week. I asked them and it’s the main reason they’re coming.
7 They will u__________ be unhappy with the score. They are a very ambitious team.
8 We performed a__________ in the last few minutes and that’s why we won.
1 apparently 2 bravely 3 typically 4 honestly 5 literally 6 definitely 7 undoubtedly 8 amazingly
Everyday issues
Complete the everyday issues with the prefixes in the box.
un under out over (x2) mis sub dis
1 ___dated
2 ___connected
3 ___acceptable
4 ___leading
5 ___cooked
6 ___due
7 ___priced
8 ___standard
1 outdated 2 disconnected 3 unacceptable 4 misleading 5 undercooked 6 overdue 7 overpriced 8 substandard
Creativity
Match 1–8 with endings a)–h).
1 Pawel doesn’t like to plan his paintings. He prefers to let things
2 If you’re hungry I can throw some lunch
3 Martina is really good at making
4 Violet makes sculptures from anything she can get
5 My grandmother had a way of bringing the best
6 Fred doesn’t know how his next book will end. He starts writing and just goes
7 I think Niamh really has it
8 Tony is really good
a) at photography. You should ask him to do the wedding photos.
b) out in a person.
c) in her to be a great artist.
d) together for you.
e) flow naturally.
f) her hands on; wood, metal, recycled plastics.
g) with it and sees where the story takes him.
h) up stories for the children.
1 e 2 d 3 h 4 f 5 b 6 g 7 c 8 a
WORD STRESS: syllables
Complete the table with the adverbs in the box.
amazingly bravely cheerfully clearly desperately literally realistically typically undoubtedly
1) 0o 2) 0oo 3)o0oo
1) Oo: bravely, clearly
2) Ooo: cheerfully, desperately, literally, typically
3) oOoo: amazingly, realistically, undoubtedly
Indirect questions
Write indirect subject questions using who and a verb phrase from the box.
invent the radio // discover radium // design the Sagrada Familia // write Crime and Punishment // be the first woman in space // win the 2010 FIFA world cup
1 Could _______________________?
2 Can _______________________?
3 Do _______________________?
4 Could _______________________?
5 Can _______________________?
6 Do _______________________?
1 Could you tell me who invented the radio?
2 Can I ask you/you tell me who discovered radium?
3 Do you know who designed the Sagrada Familia?
4 Could you tell me who wrote Crime and Punishment?
5 Can I ask you/you tell me who was the first woman in space?
6 Do you know who won the 2010 FIFA World Cup?
Science
Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box.
data database. extinction findings. samples global warming habitat immune measure nanotechnology organisms renewable energy
1 The researchers revealed their _______ to the world at a press conference.
2 Modern astronomers use light to _______ the distance of some stars.
3 We’ve spent years collecting the _______ so now we need to convert it into useful information.
4 In Spain, more than 35 percent of electricity is produced from _______ sources.
5 According to some scientists, a giant volcano was responsible for the _______ of the dinosaurs.
6 When I was a student, I spent six months observing bonobos in their natural _______ .
7 Astronomers are trying to create a _______ of planets that might sustain life.
8 Antarctica is one of the few places in the world where no _______ can exist.
9 97 percent of climate scientists agree that humans are responsible for _______ .
10 _______ is the design and construction of tiny but powerful ‘machines’.
11 It was discovered that over a third of the population were _______ to the virus.
12 We spent weeks collecting soil _______ in the Nile Delta to support our research.
1 findings 2 measure 3 data 4 renewable energy 5 extinction 6 habitat 7 database 8 organisms 9 global warming 10 nanotechnology 11 immune 12 samples
Idioms: relationships
Underline the correct alternatives to complete the sentences.
1 My big sister has always been a elbow/shoulder to cry on.
2 When Robert and Jenny first met they got on like a house on fire/in flames.
3 I think he’s just glad that she gave him a second chance/opportunity after what he did!
4 He doesn’t want to end the relationship because he knows it will break her hard/heart.
5 Let’s clean/clear the air and say that we were both wrong.
6 My dad says that when he met my mum it was love at first sight/site.
7 She told me she broke up with him because she always felt under the finger/thumb.
8 They’ve always had a stormy relation/relationship ever since they first met.
9 I can’t live without her. She’s my other/another half.
10 Forget about Dave! He’s just a fair-weather/fine weather friend. He doesn’t care about you really.
11 It was a one in a thousand/million chance that we met that day. But I’m happy we did.
12 We don’t always see face to face/eye to eye but we are still friends.
13 I met my partner at a dinner. We move in the same cycles/circles so it’s unsurprising really.
14 Well, I suppose that idea didn’t work and now we’re back to square/step one.
15 We tried to make the relationship work but, in the end, we decided to go separate ways/ directions.
1 shoulder 2 on fire 3 chance 4 heart 5 clear 6 sight 7 thumb 8 relationship 9 other 10 fair -weather 11 million 12 eye to eye 13 circles 14 square 15 way
Overpopulation
Match the words in the box with the definitions.
painstakingly slum/shanty town cramped eradicate baffling get bad press
1 very carefully and thoroughly (adv)
2 a house or area of the city where poor people live in bad conditions (n)
3 not having enough space (adj)
4 completely remove a problem (v)
5 confusing (adj)
6 be criticised in the media (v)
1 painstakingly 2 slum/shanty town 3 cramped 4 eradicate 5 baffling 6 get bad press
Pig in a poke!
300 points for free
Modals of obligation – present/past
Write advice for each person using should/shouldn’t (have) and the phrases in the box.
eat so much // be rude to the teacher //leave earlier // study more // buy so many clothes // take a painkiller
1 I’ve got a headache.
2 I failed the exam.
3 I feel sick.
4 I never have any money.
5 I missed the bus.
6 I’m always being told off at school.
1 You should take a painkiller.
2 You should have studied more.
3 You shouldn’t have eaten so much.
4 You shouldn’t buy so many clothes.
5 You should have left earlier.
6 You shouldn’t be rude to the teacher.
Adjectives to describe inventions
Complete the sentences with the correct adjectives. The first letter of each word is given.
1 Our prepacked salads come with e________ forks so there’s less waste.
2 The new slim model of the games console looks s________ .
3 This tiny c________ camera means you can film anywhere without anyone knowing.
4 My mobile phone is so d________ that I’ve dropped it lots of times and it still works.
5 It’s a very f________ kitchen utensil; it cuts and peels vegetables.
6 It broke the first time I used it because it was so f________ .
7 The highly f________ Tech2000 is very easy to use.
8 Our products are g________ . We are years ahead of our time.
9 The device is u________ . You won’t find anything like it anywhere else.
10 Even the packaging is b________ so you don’t have to worry about the planet.
11 We think that it’s such a n________ idea that it will change the world.
12 This light-weight device is easily p________ . You really can take it anywhere.
1 edible 2 stunning 3 clip-on 4 durable 5 flexible 6 flimsy 7 functional 8 ground-breaking 9 unique 10 biodegradable 11 novel 12 portable
Word-building: prefixes and suffixes
The underlined words are wrong. Correct the mistakes.
In 2007, I visited Barcelona for the first time on a cruise. When I got off the boat I realised that Barcelona was a city like no other. How could anyone 1. mislike such a place? The 2. inmistakable mark of Antoni Gaudi was everywhere for all to see; from the airport I was standing in, to the 3. colourish walls of some of the city’s most famous buildings. I strolled along the shopping street called Passeig de Gracia and stared at the 4. gorgable clothes in the shop windows of some of the world’s most 5. influensive brands, none of them 6. affordish to someone like me. At that moment I had a 7. realisment. I stopped in the 8. dismorning sun and said in 9. amazity, “I want to be a fashion designer!” I knew I wasn’t being 10. foolful. I knew, deep down, that it had been my 11. ambiment since I was a child. From that moment on, my life would never be the same again.
1 dislike 2 unmistakable 3 colourful 4 gorgeous 5 influential 6 affordable 7 realisation 8 midmorning 9 amazement 10 foolish 11 ambition
Listening
Listen again and match the speakers with the sentences. Write Rishdeep (R), Joanne (J), or Lisa (L).
Who...
1 found the course very difficult?
2 was interested in things that happened a long time ago?
3 studied a science so they could do a particular job?
4 was motivated by the teacher?
5 enjoyed the things he/she did out of the classroom?
6 remembers touching something?
7 was successful in spite of having difficulty with something?
8 works in the area that he/she studied?
1 Lisa
2 Rishdeep
3 Lisa
4 Joanne
5 Rishdeep
6 Joanne
7 Lisa
8 Rishdeep
Match the man and his title from the text.
1.Ra Paulette
2.Elvis Summers
3.William Kamkwamba
a.Windmill man
b.Cave Digger
c.Shelter Helper
1 b. 2 c. 3a
0/1/2 Conditionals
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the phrases from the box.
the equipment/be/ready /// it/reach/100ºC
can/do/more research /// world/get/warmer
it/melt /// have to/change job
we/record the results /// their spacecraft/reach/orbit
she/not go/to university
1 I wouldn’t be happy if __________
2 If she didn’t have good grades, __________
3 As soon as the experiment has finished, __________
4 Astronauts feel weightless as soon as __________
5 When you heat ice, __________
6 Unless we stop using fossil fuels, __________
7 I will start the experiment as soon as __________
8 Water boils when __________
9 If the university had more money, __________
1 I wouldn’t be happy if I had to change job.
2 If she didn’t have good grades, she wouldn’t be going to university.
3 As soon as the experiment is finished, we’ll record the results.
4 Astronauts feel weightless as soon as their spacecraft reaches orbit.
5 When you heat ice, it melts.
6 Unless we stop using fossil fuels, the world will get warmer.
7 I will start the experiment as soon as the equipment is ready.
8 Water boils when it reaches 100°C.
9 If the university had more money, we could do more research.
Lexical chunks: life challenges
Replace the bold words with a word or phrase with the same meaning.
1 I always had a terrible fear of swimming classes.
2 My parents taught me to ignore what other people think of me.
3 I never had any difficulty being accepted by other people in a group.
4 All I ever wanted to do when I was a teenager was spend a lot of time with my friends.
5 I think we are organised as a society to be consumers.
6 All young people can contribute to the world.
7 My parents found it difficult to earn enough money to pay for our living costs.
8 We must remember that times of change are also great opportunities.
1 dreaded 2 not take any notice of 3 fitting in 4 hang out with 5 set up 6 have so much to offer 7 make ends meet 8 transitional moments
Complete the sentences with the correct form of take, hand, put, look, or keep.
1 We have to _______ together a plan for our summer holiday.
2 My mother _______ down this necklace to me and now I’m giving it to my daughter.
3 Every morning, my parents would have breakfast and read the paper to _______ up with recent events.
4 I’m really _______ forward to my friend’s birthday party tomorrow.
5 We’re much more productive now our new boss has _______ over.
6 I’m going to call the police if the neighbour’s dog _______ on barking.
7 Caroline has been so much happier since she _______ up dancing.
8 The beach party was _______ off because of the rain.
9 The teacher usually asks us to _______ in essays on Fridays.
10 After thirty years as boss of the company Vicky
decided to _______ over control to her assistant.
1 put 2 handed 3 keep 4 looking 5 taken 6 keeps 7 took 8 put 9 hand 10 hand
Listening
Listen and answer the questions. Explain your answers.
1 Who will no longer be permitted to climb Mount Everest?
2 Why have these restrictions been introduced?
3 Why have people criticised the restrictions?
4 What are the current age limits for climbing Everest?
5 What reason do experienced mountain climbers give for so many deaths on Everest?
6 What do critics of the restrictions say is motivating them?
7 How many non-disabled climbers have died climbing Everest?
1 Solo climbers, blind people, double amputees and children under 16.
2 To reduce the number of deaths.
3 They say it discriminates against people with disabilities.
4 The minimum age is 16. There is no upper limit although the ministry wants to limit it to 76.
5 Experienced climbers say that more people are dying because it’s cheaper and there are more people on the mountain.
6 Critics say that a lack of understanding and knowledge about disabilities is motivating the restrictions.
7 288 able-bodied climbers have died.
What is her name?
a) Samantha
b) Patricia
c) Roxanne
d) Phillippa
Roxanne