Cardiology
Most common cause of aortic stenosis in young adults?
Bicuspid aortic valve
At what eGFR value should metformin be discontinued?
30ml/min
In overweight/obese patients with NASH, what percentage of body weight should be recommended to patients as a weight loss goal?
10% (will accept 7-10%)
What condition is pitting of the nails often associated with?
Psoriasis
What specific findings would you expect to see on CBC in a patient with mononucleosis?
Increased lymphocytes (atypical lymphocytes)
The presence of this wave on EKG raises concerns for Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Delta Wave
First line medication for primary hyperaldosteronism?
Spironolactone
Which type of peptic ulcer improves with meals?
Duodenal ulcer
What is the name of the rash associated with lyme disease?
Erythema Migrans
What laboratory tests should be obtained in all patients with new onset atrial fibrillation?
TSH and Free T4
- also good idea to check CBC and creatinine
Heart valve most commonly affected in IV drug users?
Tricuspid valve
What medication works as an alpha-2 agonist and can be used to decrease blood pressure?
Clonidine
What physical exam finding best distinguishes cholangitis from acute cholecystitis
Jaundice
What condition are Koplik spots seen with?
Measles
What is the most common electrolyte abnormality seen in patients with CKD or renal failure?
Hyperkalemia
List 2 ways that you can potentially distinguish acute pericarditis from acute myocardial infarction on EKG.
Diffuse ST elevation - concave ST segment
PR depression
Name 2 antibiotics that are considered to be high risk for increased bleeding events in patients currently taking Coumadin (warfarin)
Amoxicillin/Augmentin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
Cipro/levofloxacin
Metronidazole
What two lab abnormalities would help you make the diagnosis of Wilsons disease?
Decreased ceruloplasmin
Increased urinary copper excretion
What topical medication is recommended for patients with Hurley stage 1 hidradenitis suppurativa?
Clindamycin
Which laboratory blood test can be used to assess if someone is in DKA?
Beta hydroxybutyrate
What is the classic triad of symptoms seen in patients with aortic stenosis?
Angina, Syncope and Dyspnea
Which 3 beta-blockers have an FDA approval for treatment of congestive heart failure?
Carvedilol
Bisoprolol
Metoprolol
What dx are you concerned about in a healthy 20 year old women who takes oral contraceptives presents with ascites, hepatomegaly and RUQ pain
Hepatic vein thrombosis aka Budd-Chiari malformation
Name 2 dermatological manifestations can be seen with infective endocarditis?
Janeway lesions
Osler nodes
Splinter hemorrhages
Which laboratory test is most sensitive and specific to confirm the diagnosis of B12 deficiency in a patient with a borderline low B12 level?
Methylmalonic acid