Epidemics, Endemics, & Pandemics
Case concepts
Carriers
Modes of Transmission
Prevention
100

an epidemic that appears from a specific source

 What is common-source epidemic?

100

a person in a population who has a particular disease, condition, or injury

What is case?

100

individual who has been exposed and carries a pathogen but has not become ill or shown symptoms of the disease

What is healthy carrier?

100

uninterrupted and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another

What is direct transmission?

100

preventing a disease/disorder before it occurs

What is primary prevention?

200

appears from infections passed on from one infected person to another

What is propagated epidemic?

200

the first disease case in the population

What is primary care?

200

individual who has been exposed and carries a pathogen for some time, even though they may have recovered from the disease

What is active carrier?

200

droplets or dust particles carry the pathogen to the host and cause infection

What is airborne transmission?

200

requires behavior change in the individual 

What is active primary prevention?

300

an epidemic that affects the population of a whole country or the world

What is pandemic?

300

the first disease case brought to the epidemiologist

What is index case?

300

an individual who carries a pathogen and although is in the recovery phase from the disease, is still infectious

What is convalescent carrier?

300

an agent is carried by some intermediate item, organism, or process to a host, that results in disease

What is indirect transmission?

300

doesn't require behavior change on the individuals part

What is passive primary prevention?

400

occurrence of an illness or health related events in excess of normal expectancy in a community or region

What is epidemic?

400

someone who becomes infected after the disease was introduced to a population and were infected by the primary case

What is secondary case?

400

individual who has been exposed to & carries a pathogen, who is in the beginning stages of the disease, is showing symptoms & can transmit the disease

What is incubatory carrier?

400

when an arthropod conveys the infectious disease

What is vector-borne transmission?

400

health screening & detection used to diagnose a disease

What is secondary prevention?

500

ongoing and constant existence of a disease in a community or group of people

What is endemic?

500

individual(s) who have all symptoms of a disease but has not been diagnosed as having the disease

What is suspect case?

500

individual who has been exposed to and carriers the pathogen & who can spread the disease in different places or at different intervals 

What is intermittent carrier?

500

pathogen experiences changes in its life cycle while within the host and before transmitted to a new host

What is biological transmission?

500

limiting disability through rehabilitation when disease has already occurred and caused damage

What is tertiary prevention?