Modes of Disease Transmission
What is airborne transmission?
A person in a population who has been identified as having a particular disease, disorder, injury, or condition.
What is case?
Contains, spreads, or harbors an infectious organism.
What is a a carrier?
Preventing a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is primary prevention?
The occurrence of cases of an illness, specific health related behavior, or other health related events clearly excess of normal expectancy in a community or region.
What is epidemic?
The uninterrupted and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another.
What is direct transmission?
In an epidemic, the first disease case in the population.
What is a primary case?
A nonliving object such as clothing, door handle, or utensil that can harbor an infectious agent and is capable of being a means of transmission.
What is a fomite?
Requires behavior change in the individual
What is active primary prevention?
An epidemic that affects or attacks the population of an extensive region, country, or continent.
What is a pandemic?
The two general modes of transmission.
What is direct and indirect transmission?
A disease case, most likely the primary case, brought to the attention of the epidemiologist.
What is an index case?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen, is in the beginning stages of the disease, is displaying symptoms, and has the ability to transmit the disease.
What is an incubatory carrier?
Any attempt to restore an afflicted person to useful, productive, and satisfying lifestyle.
What is rehabilitation?
A group of people are all exposed to an infectious agent or toxin from the same source.
What is a common source epidemic?
When a pathogen spreads using a host as a mechanism for a ride for nourishment, or as part of a physical transfer process.
What is mechanical transmission?
A person who becomes infected and ill after a disease is introduced into a population and who is infected as a result of contact with the primary case.
What is secondary case?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen but has not become ill or shown any of the symptoms of the disease.
What is a healthy or passive carrier?
Consists of limiting any disability by providing rehabilitation when a disease, injury, or disorder has already occurred and caused damage.
What is tertiary prevention?
Refers to an ongoing, usual, or constant presence of a disease in a community or among a group of people.
What is an endemic?
When the pathogen undergoes changes as part of its life cycle while within the host/vector and before being transmitted to the new host.
What is biological transmission?
An individual/group of individuals who have all the signs and symptoms of a disease or condition but has not been diagnosed as having the disease or has the cause of the symptoms connected to a suspected pathogen.
What is a suspected case?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen and who can spread the disease different places or at different intervals.
What is an intermittent carrier?
Does not require behavior change on the part of the individual.
What is passive primary prevention?
When the infection spreads from one person to another through the air or a vector
What is a propagated epidemic?