Properties of Water
How does hydrophilic material react to water and how does hydrophobic material react to water?
Hydrophilic material attracts to water while hydrophobic fails to mix with and repels from water.
What is an acid and base?
An acid is any substance that forms a solution with a pH less than 7. An acid is any compound that releases H⁺ ions into solution.
A base is any substance that forms a pH greater than 7. A base is a compound that produces hydroxide (OH⁻) ions in solution.
What charge does a proton have?
Positive charge
What is a hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a prediction of what you think is going to happen with your experiment.
The "Periodic Table" we use today has the elements arranged according to their......
Increasing Atomic Numbers
How is water a polar molecule?
Water is a polar molecule because water is a molecule in which the charges are unevenly shared.
What is the pH scale? Explain.
pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is. The range goes from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. The lower you are on the scale the acid overpowers the base, the higher you are on the scale the base overpowers the acid.
What particles are in the nucleus and which are surrounding the nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons are in the nucleus while the Electrons surround it.
Give an example of a scientific theory.
Theory of Atoms or Cells.
What is the symbol for potassium on the periodic table?
K
What are the 3 special properties of water?
Adhesion, Cohesion and Heat Capacity
What is a buffer?
Buffers are weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH.
How do you find out the atomic mass of an element?
You add the number of protons and neutrons.
Give 2 examples of a scientific law.
Law of Gravity
Law of Conservation of Energy
Law of Conservation of Matter
Which scientist invented the earliest version of the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
How is water’s density different from everything else on Earth?
Water is different as most things, when they become a solid gets more dense and the particles come together and become compact, but when water turn into a solid it gets less dense and the particles expand.
Give 1 example of a base and one example of an acid.
What is an ion? What are the 2 types of ions?
An ion is an atom that has lost or gained an electron. The 2 types of ions are the cations and the anions.
What is an independent variable?
Manipulates or changes and has a direct effect on the dependent variable.
How many periods or rows are there on the periodic table?
7 rows
How does water’s special properties allow for plants to survive?
Adhesion allows the water to stick to the walls of the vascular tissue. The cohesion of water molecules helps plants take up water at their roots. Water and nutrients get absorbed in the roots get absorbed through the plant by the capillary action.
Why are buffers important?
It is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution relatively stable.
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
While speaking to a colleague, a scientist makes the following statement: "I propose that Bald Eagle eggs in northern Maine will have thinner shells than those from birds in southern Alaska due to increased levels of pesticides in the water." What type of statement is this?
A hypothesis
The rows on the periodic table are arranged so that ___ are on the right side and ___ are on the left side.
Nonmetals / metals