Ch 24
bacteria that have simpler cell walls composed of a thick layer of peptidoglycan
Gram-positive bacteria
A paraphyletic group with many molecular and cellular similarities with land plants
green algae
specialized pores that allow the exchange of CO2 and O2 between the outside air and the plant
stomata
This structure made of four specialized membranes help to protect a developing embryo in a terrestrial environment.
amniotic egg
an interwoven mass of branched hyphae
mycelium
secretions that cause disease even if the prokaryotes that produce them are not present
exotoxins
Proposes that mitochondria and plastids were formerly small bacteria that began living within larger cells
Endosymbiont theory
multicellular organs that produce spores
sporangia
This extant group of lobe-finned fish were thought to be extinct. Only two species remain of this "living fossil."
Actinistia/Coelacanth
have seeds that develop inside chambers called ovaries
angiosperms
used to pull prokaryotes together during DNA transfer between cells
pili
Highly diverse, unicellular algae with a unique two-part, glass-like wall of silicon dioxide. The most abundant photosynthetic organisms in oceans and lakes
Diatoms
consists of plant cells arranged in tubes that distribute sugars, amino acids, and other organic products
phloem
The innermost germ layer, gives rise to the digestive tract and the lining of internal organs
Endoderm
modified leaf that produces ovules
carpel
the ability to move toward or away from a stimulus
taxis
Alveolate parasites of humans, such as Plasmodia (malaria)
Apicomplexans
hyphae specialized for exchanging nutrients with the root cells of plants
mycorrhizae
This phylum contains earthworms and segmented worms.
Annelida/Annelids
This type of heat regulation requires an external heat source to regulate body temperature.
ectothermy
gram-negative photoautotrophs that generate O2 through plantlike photosynthesis
cyanobacteria
This eukaryotic supergroup includes animals, fungi, and some protists
Unikonta
fungi with flagellated spores, two species of which are a global threat to amphibian abundance
Bugs. The technical term.
Hemipterans
In this type of selection, each of two interacting species influence the fitness of the other species' phenotypes.
reciprocal selection/coevolution