SLA: An Introduction
The underlying knowledge that a speaker has of a language
Linguistic competence
Give a scenario that demonstrates the following term:
Foreign Language
Answers will vary
Which approach to the study of SLA reacted to Structuralism and Behaviorism?
Contrastive Analysis
Name the researchers associated with the Monitor Model and Universal Grammar.
Monitor Model: Stephen Krashen
Universal Grammar: Noam Chomsky
How do functional approaches differ from structural and early generative approaches to L2 acquisition?
Focus is on language being used for communication, emphasis on information content of utterances instead of structure.
Acquisition of more than one language during early childhood
Simultaneous multilingualism
Give a scenario that demonstrates the following term:
Auxiliary Language
Answers will vary
What is fossilization in interlanguage?
The point at which IL development ceases.
What are the four possibilities that have been suggested regarding L2 learners access to Universal Grammar?
1. Full access to UG
2. Partial access to UG - some components are kept but not others.
3. Indirect access to UG - achieved through transfer from L1.
4. No access to UG - L1 and L2 learning are completely different.
Which functional approach to language learning views L2 learning as a process of adding multilingual meaning potential to what has already been achieved in the L1?
Systemic Linguistics
Knowledge of a language that functions primarily as a tool for academic studies
Library language
Give a scenario that demonstrates the following term:
Informal Language Learning
Answers will vary
What process would one take when approaching SLA from a Contrastive Analysis (CA) point of view?
Compare L1 and L2 in order to determine similarities and differences one level at a time - phonology, then morphology, then syntax, then lexicon, then nonverbal structures and discourse.
One's knowledge of a language goes beyond what they receive via input/Answers will vary.
Which functional approach to SLA considers the types and patterns of languages that occur most frequently in an effort to evaluate the markedness of linguistic features?
Functional Typology
A student's production of the language at various stages of linguistic acquisition
Linguistic performance
Give a scenario that demonstrates the following term:
Sequential multilingualism
Answers will vary
Describe the importance of Morpheme Order Studies to SLA.
They support the idea of a natural order of acquisition of morphemes in both L1 and L2 acquisition.
What idea is commonly held by both the Monitor Model and Universal Grammar?
In the following scenario, which linguistic feature is marked and which is unmarked (according to functional typology)?
Syntax:
SVO
SOV
Marked: SOV
Unmarked: SVO
Language for specific purposes (LSP)
Give a scenario that demonstrates the following term:
Negative transfer
Answers will vary.
What is one critique of Error Analysis?
Ambiguity of classification of errors, lack of positive data, potential for avoidance, influence of L2 curricula.
Name the five hypotheses which form the Monitor Model.
1) Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
2) Monitor Hypothesis
3)Natural Order Hypothesis
4) Input Hypothesis
5) Affective Filter Hypothesis
What are the three steps of grammaticalization according to Function - to - form mapping?
1) Grammatical function is conveyed through shared extralinguistic knowledge
2) Grammatical function is conveyed through a lexical word
3) Grammatical function is conveyed through grammatical markers