Misusing or disclosing another party's trade secret is called this.
Infringement
This type of trade symbol protection is given to the look, feel, color, layout, etc.
Trade dress
Fair use
Taking apart a product and figuring out how it works is called this...and it is not a violation of trade secret law.
Reverse engineering
This type of patent requires novelty, nonobviousness, and usefulness. Oh...and it needs to be patentable subject matter too.
Utility patent
Once the USPTO grants your rights in your mark, you may use this to put people on notice.
Circle R
Copyright terms last this long.
Life of author plus 70 years or
95 years from publication or 120 from creation for company owned or work made for hire
Injunction
Utility patents last for this long.
20 years from filing
Trademarks and service marks are protected for this long.
10 years but are renewable
Copyright owners have certain exclusive rights: reproduction, distribution, performance, display, and this. Don't try and make my work into something new.
The right to make "derivative works"
Trade secrets can be protected indefinitely, so long as they meet these two criteria.
Provide economic value and reasonable measures are made to keep the information secret
This type of patent requires novelty and ornamental standards, but it does not have a useful function. They are good for 15 years from the time of issue.
Design patent
Fanciful
You do not need to file your copyright to use this symbol.
Circle C
Coming up with the same information on your own is not a violation of trade secret law. This is often referred to as this.
Independent creation
In 2013, the United States joining all other modern economies by shifting to this type of patent filing regime.
First to file
Even if there is no likelihood of confusion, a mark owner may still have a cause of action against another party if the defendants use causes this to the famous mark.
Dilution
Copyrights exists as soon as this occurs.
Original "creative" work of authorship is fixed in a tangible medium.