Small Arm Model OIA
Name one origin of the muscle pointed.
Supinator (28)
Lateral epicondyle of humerus; proximal ulna.
Name the structure pointed. What is its Insertion?
Tendon of flexor pollicis longus (41)
There isn't an insertion. But there is one for the flexor pollicis longus.
This muscle lies in the posterior compartment of your leg. Often times it is referred to as the twerk muscle or buttock.
What is the Gluteus maximus?
Where is Jacob? Point it out on the model and give the action.
Sartorius (10)
Action:Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg; known as “tailor’s muscle” because it helps effect cross-legged position in which tailors are often depicted
The action of most superficial anterior compartment antebrachium/ forearm muscle is ____________
Hand Flexion/ Wrist flexion
Show me where the Pronator Quadratus is and give me its insertion.
Pronator Quadratus (23)
Insertion: Radius; Anterior surface of radius
Where is the pronator teres? Give the Origin and insertion.
Pronator Teres (12)
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: Midshaft of radius/ radius
Where is the Iliopsoas (point it out on the model)? What muscles make up the Iliopsoas and what is its action?
Iliopsoas (14a)—iliacus and psoas major
Action: Flex trunk at the hip joint, flex thigh; lateral flexion of the vertebral column (psoas)
The posterior compartment muscles that plantar flex the foot (two muscles)
Flexor digitorium longus; Tibialis posterior; Flexior hallucis longus.
What is the effect of aging on muscles, what happens to them?
Become sinewy; (stringier); they begin to shrink and lose mass.
Where is the Brachoraadialis on the small arm model- What is the origin and action of it?
Brachioradialis (13)
Origin: Lateral ridge at the distal end of humerus
Action: Synergist of forearm flexion; forearm flexion
Where is the Abductor Pollicis longus? What are the origin and insertion?
Bonus 100: What is the action?
Abductor Pollicis (23)
Origin: Posterior surface of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane
Insertion: Metacarpal I and trapezium
Action: Abducts and extends thumb
Where is the Biceps Femoris (both heads)? What is the OIA?
Biceps femoris (18)
OIA:
Origin:Ischial tuberosity (long head); linea aspera and distal femur (short head)
Insertion: Tendon passes laterally to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Action: Extends thigh; laterally rotates leg; flexes leg
Where is the Calcaneal tendon? Which muscles have an insertion to it?
Calcaneal tendon (24d)
Muscles with an insertion:
Triceps Surae
Gasterocenmius
Soleus
What is the action of the muscles of the posterior upper arm compartment? What is the action of the muscle of the anterior upper arm compartment?
Forearm Extension.
Forearm Flexion.
Name the muscle pointed. Give the Insertion and Action.
Palmaris longus (18)
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis; skin and fascia of the palm
Action: Flexes hand; tenses skin and fascia of palm.
Indicate where the Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis are. What is the OIA?
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis (18 &19)
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Base of metacarpal II
Action: Extends and abducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of metacarpal III
Action: Extends and abducts hand
Where is the Fibularis Longus?
What is the OIA?
Fibularis Longus
Origin: Fibula
Insertion: tendon under foot to metatarsal I/ medial cuneiform
Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot
Show me where the Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus is? Indicate the Origin and insertion for both.
Extra points: What is their action?
Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus (16 and 17)
Origin for both: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial aspect of upper tibial shaft/tibia for semitendinosus; Medial condyle of tibial; lateral condyle of femur for semimembranosus.
Action: Extens thigh, flexes leg; medial rotates leg
In the second part of the Biopac experiment, we used the dynamometer. Explain what the recording on the bottom panel represents.
The recording on the bottom panel represents the change in voltage detected when the arm muscle is active.
Indicate where the Flexor digitorium superficialis is. GIVE its OIA
Flexor Digitorium Superficialis (20)
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna, and shaft of radius
Insertion: Middle phalanges of fingers II–V
Action: Flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingers II–V
Name the five muscles of the humerus that move the forearm. Give the action of all of them and show me where they are on the model.
Hint: anconeus isn't on the model.
Daily Double: Give an insertion and origin for all of them.
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Biceps brachii
Brachioradialis
Brachialis
Where is the Gastrocnemius? Indicate both heads and what is what. Give the OIA.
Gastrocnemius medial head (24) and lateral head (25).
Where is the interosseous muscle of the foot? How is it connected to muscles (via insertion, actions, or origin?) Indicate which muscles connect to it.
Interosseous muscle of the foot (38)
It is connected via origins
Extensor digitorum longus, Fibularis tertius, extensor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longusand soleus.
Explain a muscle contraction.
Make sure you review the PowerPoint posted.
Receptors on the Sarcolemma of a muscle cell will bind to the neurotransmitter making the sarcolemma permeable to Na+, propagating the action potential to the T-Tubules, which are continuous with the sarcolemma
This will send the action potential near the Sarcoplamic Reticulum, which contains Ca++, Ca++ binds to Troponin, which will move Tropomysin away from the active site of Actin.
The heads of Myosin then bind and a PowerStroke occurs shortening many Sarcomeres of the muscles, which a contraction of the muscle.
Keywords: Axon terminal, Synaptic cleft, Acetylcholine