Chapter
A person lies on a machine that creates a magnetic field around his head, exciting hydrogen atoms in the brain. The signals given off by these atoms are converted into a detailed picture of the brain. This is a(n) _______ procedure.
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
Liam is known by others as a rebellious person who seems to have a complete disregard for rules and laws. He does what he wants, without regard for the consequences and without a sense of guilt. Some accuse him of being emotionally shallow. He would probably score high on the MMPI-2 scale called:
psychopathic deviate
What is the relationship between the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and DSM-5?
The two publications do not include identical lists of psychological disorders; for those disorders listed in both, the DSM-5 descriptions and diagnostic criteria are often more detailed.
Ethan is consumed with concern that his house will burn down. Before he leaves, he makes sure that all his appliances are unplugged. He often has to go back home and check to make sure he did not leave any plugged in. Which MMPI-2 scale would he MOST likely score high on?
psychasthenia scale
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia has begun to exhibit new symptoms, often saying, "They tell me I'm crazy, so I must be crazy." This MOST likely is an example of:
self-fulfilling prophecy.
If an examiner administered the same test now and administered it again in a week and then correlated the results, a low correlation coefficient would indicate that the test has poor _______.
reliability/test-retest reliability
In a(n) _______, certain symptoms occur together regularly.
syndrome
Treatment approaches that are supported by research findings are said to be _______ supported treatments.
empirically
A student who is quiet in class might be the life of the party on the weekend. Clinical observation of that student in class would lack:
validity
A clinician meets a patient face-to-face in a(n) _______ interview in order to collect detailed information.
clinical
An assessor misinterprets a cultural response about spiritualism as pathological delusion. Who is MOST at risk for making this misinterpretation?
a dominant-culture assessor
After a client shares his or her DSM diagnosis with others, people may treat the client differently, and the client may act accordingly. Many theorists would attribute this to the development of:
a self-fulfilling prophecy.
A test that has a high degree of consistency is said to have good _______.
reliability
Which of the following is a particular strength of the clinical interview process?
the chance to get a general sense of the client
Support for the use of evidence-based forms of psychotherapy:
has increased in recent years.
Compared with the original DSM, which was published in 1952, DSM-5 has:
more than five times as many diagnostic categories.
A 13-year-old makes notable errors in accuracy on the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test. This finding suggests:
organic brain impairment.
A clinical diagnostician is dissatisfied with tests that cannot specify the type of brain damage or brain impairment that clients have. The BEST suggestion for that diagnostician would be to use:
a battery of neuropsychological tests.
The DSM-5 requires clinicians to include severity as part of a proper diagnosis. This is considered _______ information.
dimensional
The reliability concerns for DSM-5 MOST likely arise because of its:
lack of adequate field trials of new criteria and categories