Neuro exam
Which nerve are you testing when you ask the patient to smile, pucker lips, and puff out cheeks?
Facial
What nerve is being testing during finger flexor reflex testing?
Median and ulnar (C8)
What are some tests for coordination?
Alternate touching of finger to nose, heel to shin test, bilateral rapid tapping of thumb and index finger, rapid toe tapping
What is the difference between a tract and a pathway?
Tract: bundle of axons w/ common origin, destination and function
Pathway: route that info travels but connects at multiple neurons to destination.
Which lobes does the posterior arty system supply?
Occipital, temoral, cerebellum, and brainstem
Which nerve are you testing when you rub your index finger and thumb together just outside of patient's ears
Vestibulocochlear
What nerve is being tested during quadriceps reflex testing?
Femoral (L3,L4)
What are the mylin cells in the PNS and CNS?
PNS: schwaan
CNS: Oglios
Where does the lateral spinothalamic tract decussate and what is it carrying?
Level of spinal cord, is carrying pain and temperature information
What is a Lacunar stroke?
Small vessel disease within white matter associated with hypertensive hemmorrhage or diabetics, ischemic stroke
Which nerve are you testing when you ask the patient to say "ah"
Vagus
What nerve is being tested during ankle jerk reflex testing?
Tibial (S1-S2)
What is the main difference between grey matter and white matter?
Grey matter: somas and dendrites, glial cells, synapses of axons.
White matter: Axons and their myelin, glial cells that create myelin
What is the fasciculus gracilis: where does it go and what does it carry?
Ascending tract bringing proprioceptive, tactile, and vibration info from legs and lower trunk more medially then cuneatus. This L in gracilis as LOWER
Which parts of the brain are supplied by the anterior system?
Frontal, parietal, basal ganglia
What nerve are you testing when you ask the patient to shurg their shoulders in an MMT
Accessory nerve
Which test is for UE proprioception?
Pronator drift test
What structures are apart of the diencephalon?
Thalamus, epithalamus, sub thalamus, matathalamus, hypothalamus
Which test is negative, what are the signs, and how does a lower motor neuron lesion happen?
Babinski is negative, hyporeflexia, hypotonia, Flaccid paralysis, muscle atrophy, Facicullations, Cauda equina, diabetic nuropathy, polio, ALS, Injury
What is a hemmoragic stroke?
Leakage or burst of a vessel from an aneurysm
What nerve is tested during tricps reflex testing?
Radial (C7)
Which proprioception test is for LE?
Assessed during stance and gait
What is one thing the Epithalamus does in relation to the pineal gland?
Melatonin secreation. Involved with carcadian rhythms and sexual behavior
Which test is positive and what are the signs of an upper motor neuron lesion, and what can cause it?
Bibkinski is positive, Hypertonia, hyperreflexia, disuse atrophy, spastic paralysis, stroke, infection, ALS, decrease in B12
Embolic ischemic stroke vs thrombic
Embolic: Any sort of blockage in arteries
Thrombic: Narrlowing of the vessel in artherosclerosis.