Transcription
Where does transcription happen?
Nucleus
Where does translation happen?
Ribosome
In DNA, adenine pairs with what?
thymine
Define a mutation
a change in the sequence of DNA
DNA is made up of what
nucleotides
What is the first step of transcription?
The double-stranded DNA separates
What is a codon
a set of three bases on the mRNA
In mRNA, adenine pairs with what?
uracil
Define a silent mutation
a change in the sequence of DNA occurs, but the amino acids are the same
DNA's shape is called what
double helix (spiraling ladder)
What is the product of transcription?
one mRNA strand
What is an anti-codon
A set of three bases carried by the tRNA
What is the complementary DNA strand to:
ATGC
TACG
What kind of mutation is this:
Normal: GCGT
Mutated: CCGT
Substitution
What is the function of DNA?
to pass down genetic information from parent to offspring. All living things have DNA.
the mRNA is like a specific message carrying the genetic instructions to make WHAT?
a specific protein
What is the job of the tRNA
drop off the correct amino acid for the mRNA codon
What is the complementary mRNA strand to:
AATTCG
UUAAGC
What kind of mutation is this:
Normal: GCTA
Mutated: GCTTA
Insertion
What are the five types of models
representational
spatial
descriptive
mathematical
computational
Define the central dogma
the process of (1) one specific gene being transcribed onto one specific mRNA (2) then this mRNA being translated into a one specific protein
What is the final product of translation?
Asp
What kind of mutation is this:
Normal: GCTA
Mutated: GCA
Deletion
What's the connection between a gene, protein, and trait?
A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that codes for one specific protein, which makes one specific trait