Permanent Waving
Definitions
Definitions
is a two-step process whereby the hair undergoes a physical change caused by wrapping the hair on perm rods; the hair then undergoes a chemical change caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer.
What is permanent waving?
Most common type of perm rod
what is concave rods?
A process that rearranges the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form
Chemical hair relaxing
Are compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
What is Amino acids?
A thio-based chemical service that re-formats curly and wavy hair into looser and larger curls and waves.
What is soft curl permanent?
A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or the removal of ___
What is oxygen?
Approximately how long are soft bender rods?
What is 12 inches?
The measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows
What is viscosity?
Are long, coiled polypeptide chains
What is keratin proteins?
Which chemical does a soft curl permanent use?
What is ammonium thioglycolate (ATG)?
a colorless liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor, is the most common reducing agent in permanent wave solutions.
What is Thioglycolic Acid?
also known as straight set wrap, is a wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized bases; all the base sections are horizontal and are the same length and width as the perm rod.
What is basic permanent wrap?
Do not require the application of a protective base cream.
What is No-base relaxers?
Are disulfide, salt, and hydrogen bonds that cross-link polypeptide chains together.
What is side bonds?
Ionic compounds formed by a metal—sodium (Na), potassium (K), or lithium (Li)—which is combined with oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H). Metal hydroxide relaxers include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and lithium hydroxide (LiOH).
What is metal hydroxide relaxers?
Also known as cold waves
Alkaline waves
Partings and bases radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head.
What is curvature permanent wrap?
The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair, the relaxers remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond and convert it into a lanthionine bond.
What is lanthionization?
Also known as end bonds, are chemical bonds that join amino acids together, end-to-end in long chains, to form a polypeptide chain.
What is peptide bonds?
Conditioners with an acidic pH that restore the hair pH before the final neutralizing shampoo.
What is Normalizing lotion?
have a pH between 4.5 and 7.0 and require heat to process; they process more slowly than alkaline waves, and they do not usually produce as firm a curl as alkaline waves. GMTG, which has a low pH, is the active ingredient.
What is True Acid Waves?
also known as piggyback wrap, in which the hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft and another rod is used to wrap the remaining hair strand in the same direction.
What is a double-rod wrap?
Use the same ATG that is used in permanent waving but at a higher concentration and a higher pH (above 10). Thio relaxers are also thicker, with a higher viscosity (vis-KAHS-ut-ee)—the mea
What is Thio relaxers?
Relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges (ionic bonds); they are easily broken by changes in pH, and they re-form when the pH returns to normal levels.
What is salt bonds?
How long after a keratin straightening service ca the hair be shampooed?
What is 72 hours?